Evaluation of high and stable yield and test environment for the wheat variety trials the northern winter wheat region

　　The major goal for a breeder is choosing genotypes with high yield and stability, the ever-existing genotype-by-environment interaction increases the difficulty of breeding, so scientific and reasonable assessment of the stability and adaptability of varieties and experimental environment
　　are conducive for improving the selection efficiency of crop breeding and making rational use of experimental environment resources. The objective of the present study was to demonstrate the application efficiency of the existing genotype main effect plus AMMI model and GGE biplot in
　　analyzing the fertility, stability and adaptability of 18 varieties in 10 testing sites and evaluate the discrimination and representativeness of the testing sites in the regional trial of the northern winter wheat region in2023. The results showed that the yield was significantly affected by the interaction of environment, genotype and GE. The combined analysis of the two models showed that the varieties with high and stable yield were Jingdong 38, CA17100, Hangmai 2090. The representative and discriminative pilot is Luannan, Hebei, which is the ideal pilot area for this study. The comprehensive application of AMMI model and GGE biplot could improve the reliability of the wheat varieties and ideal testing sites. This study provides certain theoretical basis for new variety breeding and pilot layout, and also set up a reference for other crops in this research topic.