Abstract: The water--deficit region in the lower plain of Haihe river basin is located at the east of the Fuyang river.It occupies 12000 km².In this region the agricultural productivity is very lower;the soil is salinized and the water resources are limited.The research and experience of the comprehensive agricultural production by the Napi research group during the past ten years have proved that the reliable agricultural ecological model for the continously agricultural development of this region is based on the comprehansive adjustment and control of the water,fertilizer and salt,optimum planting of grain,cotton and pasture according to the water resource,ecological allocation of forestry,fruit and date(Jujube).In this paper the characteristics,structure and functions of the ecological factors of this region are summarized.The techniques for the adjustment of agricultural ecological system was also discussed.