不同光质果袋春夏季节套袋对番茄果实发育及品质的影响

Effect of fruit bagging with different spectra bags on the growth and quality of tomato in spring-summer season

  • 摘要: 通过测定分析透过5种不同果袋的光质组成,并以“东圣一号”番茄品种为试材,研究5种果袋果穗套袋处理对果实发育的微环境、鲜重增长率、产量、主要营养成分及生理病害等的影响。结果显示,套袋后,袋内光照强度极显著降低,光质组成中400 nm以下的短波紫外光减少,红膜袋内400~600 nm的光锐减;相对湿度普遍提高;温度有不同程度的变化。套袋后,番茄果实鲜重增长率、硬度、果形指数、单果重和穗果重均无显著变化;果实着色提早,成熟整齐度高;果实中番茄红素含量增加,Vc、游离氨基酸、可溶性蛋白质含量均无显著变化。鲜膜袋处理的果实固形物含量显著降低,红膜袋处理的可溶性糖含量极显著降低,白膜袋处理的有机酸含量显著降低。套袋后,番茄果实畸形果、穿孔果、脐部黑疤发生率降低,但裂果率提高,果梗容易增粗。春夏季节套袋有利于番茄果实发育和着色,袋材首选紫膜袋,次选白膜袋。

     

    Abstract: The effect of fruit truss/bagging with five different spectra bags on the micro-environment, fresh weight, yield, nutrition content and physiological disease of tomato fruit in spring-summer season was investigated. The results show that under bagging, light intensity significantly weakens, especially ultraviolet wave (< 400 nm),while 400 ~ 600 nm radiation drops sharply in red plastic film bags (RFB).Relative humidity generally increases while temperature change is different in different bags. No significant differences in the rate of increase in fresh fruit weight, fruit rigidity, fruit shape, single fruit weight and fruit weight per truss (bag) exist. Fruit ripening is quickened and concentrated, and lycopene content increases but with no significant difference in vitamin C, free amino acids and soluble protein content after fruit bagging. Soluble solid content decreases significantly in fruits with fresh film bag (FFB),while soluble sugar content reduces most significantly in fruits with RFB, yet that of organic acid decreases markedly in fruits with white plastic film bag (WFB). The number of deformed fruits, holed fruits and black-scar fruits decreases while cracked fruits increase and stalk-enlarged fruits appear in fruit bagging treatments. It is concluded that bagging of fruits in spring-summer season is beneficial to the growth and ripening of tomato fruit. The types of bag most suitable include purple plastic film bag (PFB) followed by WFB.

     

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