Abstract: Photorespiration is an important metabolic process in C₃ plants. This article analyzes the effects of human and economic development like increased CO₂ emission, ultraviolet radiation, temperature, light, etc., which influence photorespiration such as directly or indirectly changing photorespiration rate that can lead to secondary effects on plant physiological and ecological development. When C₃ plants are under environmental stress, photorespiration corresponds to metabolism which eludes the stress, especially when the environmental stress is severe. Hence photorespiration of C₃ plants under environmental stress leads to a new direction of research in environmental ecology and photorespiration.