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土壤重金属有效态含量检测与监测现状、问题及展望

周卫红 张静静 邹萌萌 杜小龙 张颖 杨悦 李建龙

周卫红, 张静静, 邹萌萌, 杜小龙, 张颖, 杨悦, 李建龙. 土壤重金属有效态含量检测与监测现状、问题及展望[J]. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 2017, 25(4): 605-615. doi: 10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.160904
引用本文: 周卫红, 张静静, 邹萌萌, 杜小龙, 张颖, 杨悦, 李建龙. 土壤重金属有效态含量检测与监测现状、问题及展望[J]. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 2017, 25(4): 605-615. doi: 10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.160904
ZHOU Weihong, ZHANG Jingjing, ZOU Mengmeng, DU Xiaolong, ZHANG Ying, YANG Yue, LI Jianlong. The detection and monitoring of available heavy metal content in soil: A review[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2017, 25(4): 605-615. doi: 10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.160904
Citation: ZHOU Weihong, ZHANG Jingjing, ZOU Mengmeng, DU Xiaolong, ZHANG Ying, YANG Yue, LI Jianlong. The detection and monitoring of available heavy metal content in soil: A review[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2017, 25(4): 605-615. doi: 10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.160904

土壤重金属有效态含量检测与监测现状、问题及展望

doi: 10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.160904
基金项目: 

江苏省农业三新工程项目 SXGC[2014]287

苏州市科技计划项目 SNG201447

江苏省自然科学基金项目 BK20140413

APN全球变化基金项目 ARCP2015-03CMY-Li

详细信息
    作者简介:

    周卫红, 主要从事环境监测与3S技术应用研究。E-mail:zhouweihong07@lzu.edu.cn

    通讯作者:

    李建龙, 主要研究方向为农业遥感与3S技术应用与重金属监测研究。E-mail:jlli2008@nju.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: X8

The detection and monitoring of available heavy metal content in soil: A review

Funds: 

the Jiangsu Province Agricultural Three-Renovations Project SXGC[2014]287

the Suzhou Science and Technology Project of China SNG201447

Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China BK20140413

the APN Global Change Fund Project ARCP2015-03CMY-Li

More Information
  • 摘要: 随着经济和社会的发展,土壤重金属污染对粮食安全及人类的身体健康构成了巨大的威胁,而目前广泛采用的全量检测法并不能准确地反映土壤重金属的生物毒性。为了更好地了解土壤重金属的污染情况及其生物毒性,需快速有效检测土壤重金属的赋存形态及有效态含量。本文介绍了土壤有效态重金属的定义及其在土壤-有机体系统中的转移;并结合国内外相关研究领域的文献资料,按检测对象将土壤重金属有效态的检测方法分为直接检测方法(化学检测方法和物理检测方法)和间接检测方法(生物指示法),系统阐述了化学检测方法中的浸提法,物理检测方法中的梯度扩散薄膜技术和光谱分析法,及生物指示法中的指示植物检测法、微生物检测法和动物检测法的研究进展、适用范围及优缺点,概括了目前检测方法存在的主要问题是不能同时满足大面积监测和精确检测两个方面。并指出快速、大面积、原位测定污染物种类和含量,采取相应措施保障粮食安全及人类身体健康是目前迫切需要解决的问题。本文将土壤-植物-人作为一个整体,了解重金属有效态在该系统中的迁移富集机理,认为在此基础上选择合适的数据处理方法及建模参数,结合遥感、地理信息系统和全球定位系统对土壤重金属污染进行原位立体监测,是未来土壤重金属有效态含量检测与监测研究的主要发展方向。
  • 图  1  重金属在土壤-有机体系统中的转移及检测 (改自Kim等[6]、Semple等[9]和Harmsen[10])

    Figure  1.  Transfer and detection of heavy metal in soil-organism system (modified after Kim et al.[6], Semple et al.[9] and Harmsen[10])

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  • 收稿日期:  2016-10-12
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