干旱胁迫下不同品种马铃薯块茎膨大期叶片对烯效唑的生理响应

丁凯鑫; 王立春; 田国奎; 王海艳; 李凤云; 潘阳; 庞泽; 单莹

doi:10.12357/cjea.20230184

干旱胁迫下不同品种马铃薯块茎膨大期叶片对烯效唑的生理响应

doi: 10.12357/cjea.20230184

黑龙江省农业科学院克山分院/农业农村部马铃薯生物学与遗传育种重点实验室　齐齐哈尔　161600

基金项目: 现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-09-ES37)、黑龙江省农业科学院“农业科技创新跨越工程”专项(HNK2019CX07-08)和黑龙江省农业科学院克山分院先导培育项目(XDYBA2023-02)资助

详细信息

作者简介:
丁凯鑫, 主要研究方向为马铃薯栽培和生理, E-mail: ksfydkx@163.com

通讯作者:
王立春, 主要研究方向为马铃薯育种, E-mail: potato2008@126.com

中图分类号: S532
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-04-10
- 录用日期: 2023-05-06
- 修回日期: 2023-05-06
- 网络出版日期: 2023-05-23

Physiological responses of leaves of different potato varieties to uniconazole during tuber bulking stage under drought stress

Keshan Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Potato Biology and Genetics Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Qiqihar 161600, China

Funds: This study was supported by the Special Fund for the Construction of Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System of China (CARS-09-ES37), the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Spanning Project of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences (HNK2019CX07-08) and the Leading Cultivation Project of Keshan Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences (XDYBA2023-02).

More Information

Corresponding author: WANG Lichun, E-mail: potato2008@126.com

摘要

摘要: 为明确外源烯效唑对干旱胁迫下马铃薯的缓解效应, 以耐旱品种‘克新1号’和干旱敏感品种‘大西洋’为试验材料, 在块茎膨大期(第二花序开花)进行干旱处理(保持45.0%的土壤相对含水量)和喷施烯效唑(40 mg∙L⁻¹), 每个品种各设3个处理: 对照组(CK)、干旱胁迫处理(D)和干旱胁迫+烯效唑(D+S), 测定外源烯效唑和干旱胁迫下马铃薯叶片叶绿素含量、光合气体交换参数、细胞膜脂过氧化程度(MDA)、活性氧(ROS)和抗氧化防御系统中抗氧化酶活性以及AsA-GSH循环产物和底物的含量。结果表明, 干旱胁迫能够降低2个品种叶片的叶绿素含量, 显著抑制了净光合速率(P_n)、蒸腾速率(T_r)、气孔导度(G_s)、胞间CO₂浓度(C_i), 而显著增加了MDA、H₂O₂含量和O₂⁻产生速率, 在干旱胁迫15 d时, D处理的‘克新1号’和‘大西洋叶’片的MDA、H₂O₂含量、O₂⁻产生速率分别较CK显著增加29.17%和43.58%、55.56%和73.13%、84.26%和110.59%, 2个品种抗氧化酶活性和非酶抗氧化剂含量均有所升高, 以适应干旱胁迫所产生的应激反应, 且耐旱品种克新1号受干旱损伤程度小于干旱敏感品种大西洋。外源烯效唑能够显著增加马铃薯叶片的叶绿素含量和光合气体交换参数, 降低了克新1号和大西洋叶片内MDA、O₂⁻产生速率和H₂O₂含量, 同时提高了抗氧化防御系统中抗氧化酶活性, 以清除过量积累的ROS, 降低膜脂过氧化程度, 同时烯效唑可进一步上调2个马铃薯品种干旱胁迫下AsA-GSH循环中抗坏血酸(AsA)、脱氢抗坏血酸(DHA)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)和氧化型谷胱甘肽(GSSG)含量, 并提高AsA/DHA和GSH/GSSG比值, 以提高叶片内部还原力水平和抗氧化能力, 从而减轻活性氧对细胞膜造成的损害, 提高马铃薯耐旱性。综上, 外源烯效唑可在一定程度上促进叶片光合作用, 提高抗氧化防御能力, 以缓解干旱胁迫所造成的损伤。研究结果可为抗旱栽培提供理论依据
- 马铃薯 /
- 干旱胁迫 /
- 光合特性 /
- 抗氧化防御能力 /
- 外源烯效唑
Abstract: To clarify the alleviating effect of exogenous uniconazole on potato under drought stress, the drought-tolerant variety Kexin 1 and the drought-sensitive variety Atlantic were used as experimental materials. Drought treatment (maintaining 45.0% relative soil water content) and spraying with uniconazole (40 mg·L⁻¹) were carried out at the tuber expansion stage (second inflorescence flowering). Three treatments were established for each variety: control group (CK), drought stress treatment (D) and drought stress + uniconazole (D + S). We measured chlorophyll content, photosynthetic parameters, membrane lipid peroxidation (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant enzyme activity in the antioxidant defence system, as well as ascorbate–glutathione ( AsA-GSH) cycle products and substrate content in potato leaves under exogenous uniconazole and drought stress. The results showed that drought stress could reduce the chlorophyll content of the leaves of the two varieties, significantly inhibit Leaf net photosynthetic rate (P_n), Transpiration rate (T_r), Stomatal conductance (G_s), Intercellular CO₂ concentration (C_i), but significantly increase MDA, H₂O₂ content and O₂⁻ production rate, on the 15th day of drought stress, MDA, H₂O₂ content and O₂⁻ production rate of Kexin 1 and Atlantic leaves in D treatment were significantly increased by 29.2% and 43.6%, 55.6% and 73.1%, 84.3% and 110.6%, respectively, compared to CK, the antioxidant enzyme activity and non-enzymatic antioxidant content of both varieties increased, in order to adapt to the stress response caused by drought stress. The drought tolerant variety Kexin 1 was less damaged by drought than the drought sensitive variety Atlantic. Exogenous uniconazole could significantly increase the chlorophyll content and photosynthetic parameters of potato leaves, reduce the MDA, O₂⁻production rate and H₂O₂ content in leaves of Kexin 1 and Atlantic, and increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the antioxidant defense system to remove excessive accumulation of ROS and reduce the degree of membrane lipid peroxidation. In addition, uniconazole could further increase the contents of ascorbic acid (AsA), dehydroascorbate (DHA), glutathione (GSH) and glutathiol (GSSG) in AsA-GSH cycle of two potato varieties under drought stress., and increase the ratio of AsA/DHA and GSH/GSSG. In order to improve the level of reducing power and antioxidant capacity in the leaves, thereby reducing the damage caused by ROS to the cell membrane and improving the drought tolerance of potato. In conclusion, exogenous uniconazole can promote leaf photosynthesis to a certain extent and improve the antioxidant defence capacity to alleviate the damage caused by drought stress. The results may provide a theoretical basis for drought tolerant cultivation.
- Potatoes /
- Drought stress /
- Photosynthetic characteristics /
- Antioxidant defense ability /
- Exogenous uniconazole

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图 1 烯效唑对不同时间干旱胁迫下不同品种马铃薯块茎膨大期叶片光合参数的影响

CK: 正常水分管理; D: 干旱胁迫; D+S: 干旱胁迫+叶施烯效唑处理。同一干旱胁迫时间不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。CK: normal water; D: drought stress; D+S: drought stress + spraying uniconazole. Different small letters for the same drought stress time mean significant difference among different treatments at P<0.05 level.

Figure 1. Effects of uniconazole on gas exchange parameters in leaves of different potato cultivars under drought stress for different times during tuber expansion period

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 烯效唑对不同时间干旱胁迫下不同品种马铃薯块茎膨大期叶片膜脂过氧化程度和ROS积累的影响

Figure 2. Effects of uniconazole on membrane lipid peroxidation and ROS accumulation in leaves of different potato cultivars under drought stress for different times during tuber expansion period

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 烯效唑对不同时间干旱胁迫下不同品种马铃薯块茎膨大期叶片抗氧化酶活性的影响

Figure 3. Effects of uniconazole on antioxidant enzyme activities in leaves of different potato cultivars under drought stress for different times during tuber expansion period

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 烯效唑对不同时间干旱胁迫下不同品种马铃薯块茎膨大期叶片ASA和DHA含量的影响

Figure 4. Effects of uniconazole on ASA and DHA contents in leaves of different potato cultivars under drought stress for different times during tuber expansion period

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 烯效唑对不同时间干旱胁迫下不同品种马铃薯块茎膨大期叶片GSH和GSSG含量的影响

Figure 5. Effects of uniconazole on GSH and GSSG contents in leaves of different potato cultivars under drought stress for different times during tuber expansion period

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 块茎膨大期干旱胁迫对马铃薯叶片光合作用和抗氧化防御的损伤及烯效唑的缓解效应

红色箭头表示(增加或减少)对块茎膨大期干旱胁迫各指标的影响; 绿色箭头表示(增加或减少)对烯效唑处理块茎膨大期干旱胁迫各指标的影响。ROS: 活性氧物质; H₂O₂: 过氧化氢; MDA: 丙二醛; O₂⁻: 超氧阴离子; Chl a: 叶绿素 a; Chl b: 叶绿素 b; Car: 类胡萝卜素; G_s: 气孔导度; C_i: 细胞间 CO₂浓度; P_n: 叶片净光合速率; T_r: 蒸腾速率; SOD: 超氧化物歧化酶; POD: 过氧化物酶; CAT: 过氧化氢酶; APX: 抗坏血酸过氧化物酶; AsA: 抗坏血酸; GSH: 谷胱甘肽; DHA: 脱氢抗坏血酸; GSSG: 氧化型谷胱甘肽。Red arrows indicate the effect (increase or decrease) on each indicator of drought stress in tuber expansion period; green arrows indicate the effect (increase or decrease) on each indicator of drought stress in tuber expansion period for the uniconazole treatment. ROS: reactive oxygen species; H₂O₂: hydrogen peroxide; MDA: malondialdehyde; O₂⁻: superoxide anion; Chl a: chlorophyll a; Chl b: chlorophyll b; Car: carotenoid; G_s: stomatal conductance; C_i: intercellular CO₂ concentration; P_n: leaf net photosynthetic rate; T_r: transpiration rate; SOD: superoxide dismutase; POD: peroxidase; CAT: catalase; APX: ascorbate peroxidase; AsA: ascorbic acid; GSH: glutathione; DHA: dehydroascorbate; GSSG: glutathiol.

Figure 6. Damage of drought stress on photosynthesis and antioxidant defense of potato leaves during tuber expansion period and mitigation effect of uniconazole

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表 1 烯效唑对不同时间干旱胁迫下不同品种马铃薯块茎膨大期叶片光合色素含量的影响

Table 1. Effects of uniconazole on photosynthetic pigment content in leaves of different potato cultivars under drought stress for different times during tuber expansion period

指标 Indicator(mg·g⁻¹)	处理 Treatment	克新1号 KX 1			大西洋 Atalantic
指标 Indicator(mg·g⁻¹)	处理 Treatment	5 d	10 d	15 d	5 d	10 d	15 d
叶绿素a Chlorophyll a	CK	2.48±0.03a	2.62±0.00a	2.59±0.02a	1.99±0.01a	2.18±0.08a	2.14±0.08a
	D	2.12±0.03b	2.04±0.03c	1.63±0.03c	1.95±0.05a	1.85±0.07b	1.52±0.04c
	D+S	2.36±0.08a	2.39±0.02b	1.97±0.07b	1.94±0.04a	1.88±0.03b	1.77±0.09b
叶绿素b Chlorophyllb	CK	0.65±0.01a	0.51±0.01a	0.79±0.00a	0.95±0.03a	0.75±0.01a	0.80±0.01a
	D	0.70±0.07a	0.46±0.04a	0.23±0.06c	0.79±0.02b	0.62±0.01b	0.43±0.01b
	D+S	0.68±0.04a	0.42±0.02a	0.43±0.02b	0.87±0.03ab	0.66±0.02b	0.45±0.06b
类胡萝卜素 Carotenoid	CK	0.55±0.01a	0.49±0.01a	0.54±0.00a	0.39±0.01a	0.42±0.01a	0.49±0.06a
	D	0.45±0.04b	0.46±0.02b	0.25±0.03b	0.35±0.01a	0.34±0.03b	0.23±0.01b
	D+S	0.52±0.02ab	0.50±0.01a	0.32±0.03b	0.36±0.01a	0.35±0.00b	0.23±0.02b
总叶绿素 Chlorophyll a+b	CK	3.13±0.03a	3.13±0.01a	3.38±0.02a	2.94±0.04a	2.99±0.14a	2.94±0.07a
	D	2.82±0.06b	2.50±0.03c	1.86±0.03c	2.73±0.03b	2.53±0.03b	1.95±0.04c
	D+S	3.04±0.04a	2.81±0.01b	2.40±0.07b	2.81±0.02b	2.54±0.02b	2.22±0.07b
CK: 正常水分管理; D: 干旱胁迫; D+S: 干旱胁迫+叶施烯效唑处理。同列不同小写字母表示同一指标不同处理间在P<0.05水平差异显著。CK: normal water; D: drought stress; D+S: drought stress + spraying uniconazole. Values of the same indicator followed by different lowercase letters in the same column are significantly different at the P<0.05 level.

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