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国家重点研发计划视角下我国农业面源和重金属污染研究领域专利成果评估分析

徐长春 郭颖 刘婕 熊炜

徐长春, 郭颖, 刘婕, 熊炜. 国家重点研发计划视角下我国农业面源和重金属污染研究领域专利成果评估分析[J]. 中国生态农业学报 (中英文), 2023, 31(0): 1−9 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20220979
引用本文: 徐长春, 郭颖, 刘婕, 熊炜. 国家重点研发计划视角下我国农业面源和重金属污染研究领域专利成果评估分析[J]. 中国生态农业学报 (中英文), 2023, 31(0): 1−9 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20220979
XU C C, GUO Y, LIU J, XIONG W. Evaluation on patent output in research area of agricultural non-point source pollution and heavy metal polluted croplands funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2023, 31(0): 1−9 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20220979
Citation: XU C C, GUO Y, LIU J, XIONG W. Evaluation on patent output in research area of agricultural non-point source pollution and heavy metal polluted croplands funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2023, 31(0): 1−9 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20220979

国家重点研发计划视角下我国农业面源和重金属污染研究领域专利成果评估分析

doi: 10.12357/cjea.20220979
详细信息
    作者简介:

    徐长春, 主要从事国家科技计划管理工作与科技政策、生态经济研究, E-mail: xuchangchun@agri.gov.cn

    郭颖, 主要从事知识产权保护、运用和服务等相关工作, E-mail: guoying@scippc.cn

  • 中图分类号: G306

Evaluation on patent output in research area of agricultural non-point source pollution and heavy metal polluted croplands funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China

  • 摘要: 专利评估是科研项目成果产出评价的重要方面。本文基于“十三五”国家重点研发计划“农业面源和重金属污染农田综合防治与修复技术研发”专项, 对各项目在实施周期内产生的专利成果进行了评估和分析。作者运用专利大数据对现有的专利价值评估指标进行优化和筛选, 在原有的技术、法律、市场“三维一体”的评价体系基础上, 关注技术热点和专利运营情况的挖掘分析。结果表明, “十三五”农业面源专项产出的专利成果整体表现良好, 评分均值为71.01, 专利技术分布与市场关注方向的匹配度较高, 但大部分专利成果距离产业化阶段还存在一定距离, 专利申请文本质量有待提升。该研究可为科学评估科研项目专利成果产出、深入识别和挖掘高价值专利、加强项目管理精细化水平提供理论方法与案例借鉴, 同时为科研单位加强专利产出与管理、推动成果转化应用提供参考。
  • 图  1  专利价值度评估体系构成及评价指标

    Figure  1.  Patent evaluation system and indicators

    图  2  专利成果申请年份分布情况

    Figure  2.  Distribution of patent output by application year

    图  3  专利成果权利要求项数和说明书页数分布情况

    Figure  3.  Number of claims and pages of patent application materials

    图  4  专利成果技术方案按应用领域的分布情况

    Figure  4.  Distribution of technical solutions of patents by application fields

    图  6  专利成果按评分区间的累计数量分布情况

    Figure  6.  Distribution of the cumulative number of patent output by scoring interval

    图  5  专利价值分布情况(评分—估值)

    Figure  5.  Distribution of patent value (rating-valuation)

    图  7  主要专利技术领域的评分均值分布情况

    图中各技术领域编号的释义来源于国家知识产权局发布的国际专利分类表[8]。G01N: 利用化学或物理性质分析材料; C12N: 微生物或酶; B09C: 污染土壤的再生; B01J: 化学或物理方法; C05G: 肥料的混合物; C05F: 有机肥料; C02F: 水、废水、污水或污泥的处理; A01G: 园艺; A01C: 种植、播种、施肥; A01B: 农业机械、农具部件。The definition of the technical field number in the figure is from the international patent classification of the World Intellectual Property Organization[9]. G01N: investigating or analysing materials by determining their chemical or physical properties. C12N: microorganisms or enzymes, compositions of propagating, preserving, or maintaining microorganisms; mutation or genetic engineering; culture media. B09C: reclamation of contaminated soil. B01J: chemical or physical processes, e.g. catalysis or colloid chemistry; their relevant apparatus. C05G: mixtures of fertilisers covered individually by different subclasses of class. C05G: mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specific fertilising activity. C05F: organic fertilisers not covered fertilisers from waste or refuse. C02F: treatment of water, waste water, sewage, or sludge. A01G: horticulture; cultivation of vegetables, flowers, rice, fruit, vines, hops or seaweed; forestry; watering. A01C: planting; sowing; fertilizing. A01B: soil working in agriculture or forestry; parts, details, or accessories of agricultural machines or implements, in general.

    Figure  7.  Distribution of average scores in major patented technology areas

    表  1  各类型项目专利成果统计表

    Table  1.   Patent output from projects of different types

    项目类型
    Category
    项目数量
    Projects number
    专利产出
    Patent output
    平均值
    Average
    基础研究类
    Basic research
    710014.3
    技术研发类
    Technique research and
    development
    1551634.4
    示范应用类
    Demonstration and application
    1334126.2
    合计 Total35957
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  主要专利申请(授权)人的专利申请及状态分布情况

    Table  2.   Top 10 patent applicants and relative patent status

    申请(专利权)人
    Applicant
    申请数
    Application number
    授权数
    Grant number
    授权率
    Grant ratio (%)
    有效数
    Effective number
    农业农村部环境保护科研监测所
    Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs
    482858.328
    浙江大学 Zhejiang University383181.631
    南京农业大学 Nanjing Agricultural University342470.624
    中国科学院南京土壤研究所 Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences262076.920
    江苏省农业科学院 Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences261973.119
    北京市农林科学院 Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences262388.523
    中国农业大学 China Agricultural University241979.219
    华中农业大学 Huazhong Agricultural University241458.314
    华南农业大学 South China Agricultural University231356.513
    山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所
    Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences
    221150.011
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  代表性高评分专利成果情况(10件)

    Table  3.   Ten representative patents with high evaluation scores

    专利名称
    Patent title
    评分
    Rating
    技术功效
    Technical efficacy
    一种水质探测器、水体污染排放源监测系统及方法
    A water quality detector, water pollution discharge source monitoring system and method
    91.22实现污染源定位, 提高监测准确率
    Locate pollution sources and improve monitoring accuracy
    一种面源污染监测评估方法及装置
    Method and device for monitoring and evaluating surface source pollution
    89.22监测数据具有针对性和区域差异性, 评估结果更为准确
    Targeted and regionally heterogeneous data, and more accurate assessment results
    一种基于水位调控的灌区水田非点源污染负荷估算方法
    A method for estimating non-point source pollution load of paddy field in irrigated area based on water level regulation
    87.07环境优化管理; 构型改良; 反映异质性特征
    Environmental optimization management, configuration improvement, reflect heterogeneous features
    一种基于土壤共存金属影响的小麦籽粒镉富集量预测方法
    A method for predicting cadmium concentration in wheat grains under the co-exposure of heavy metals in soil
    86.26参数易获得、适用性强、预测效果良好的预测方法
    Prediction method with easy parameter availability, strong applicability and good prediction effect
    一种准确测定耕地重金属污染状况的方法
    A method for accurately measuring heavy metal pollution condition in farmland
    85.45提高重金属含量测定结果的可靠性
    Improve the reliability of heavy metal content determination results
    异位发酵床畜禽养殖粪污处理系统及其应用
    The treatment system for ectopic fermentation bed of livestock and poultry manure and its application
    85.42提升发酵质量, 扩大粪污处理能力, 提高发酵运行效率
    Improve fermentation quality, expand manure treatment capacity, and improve fermentation operation efficiency
    一种中轻度重金属污染土壤上稻米安全生产的方法
    A method for safe production of rice in soil contaminated by heavy metals at the moderate-mild levels
    84.79控制土壤重金属活性, 确保中轻度污染稻田水稻的安全生产
    Control the activity of heavy metals in the soil to ensure the safe production of rice in moderately and lightly polluted paddy fields
    一种基于多源数据的农田重金属高风险区遥感快速识别方法
    A fast and remote sensing identification method for heavy metal high risk areas in farmland based on multi-source data
    83.58精确地识别出研究和防范价值更高的重金属污染高风险区域及准确边界
    Accurately identify high-risk areas and precise boundaries for research and prevention of higher value heavy metal contamination
    一种农田土壤重金属污染决策系统及方法
    A decision-making system and method for heavy metal pollution of farmland soil
    83.36可实现农田土壤重金属污染的风险评估、分级预警、应急处置
    Realize risk assessment, graded early warning and emergency disposal of heavy metal pollution in farmland soil
    一种镉污染土壤上间作种植籽粒苋与小麦的方法
    A method for interplanting amaranth and wheat in the cadmium-contaminated soil
    83.22提高了镉污染土壤上种植的小麦质量
    Improve quality of wheat grown in cadmium-contaminated soil
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  专利成果的稳定性、技术先进性、保护范围评价的分值分布情况

    Table  4.   Rating of stability, technical advancement and protection range of the patents

    分值
    Rating
    评价指标 Evaluation indicator
    稳定性
    Stability
    技术先进性
    Technical advancement
    保护范围
    Protection range
    1~2196195190
    3~415017617
    5~6049264
    7~8297236479
    9~103143017
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2022-12-20
  • 录用日期:  2023-04-14
  • 网络出版日期:  2023-05-09

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