西南山地不同林下经济模式对植物多样性的影响

曾清苹, 何丙辉, 秦华军, 李源, 吴耀鹏, 田艳琴

曾清苹, 何丙辉, 秦华军, 李源, 吴耀鹏, 田艳琴. 西南山地不同林下经济模式对植物多样性的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 2016, 24(5): 660-667.
引用本文: 曾清苹, 何丙辉, 秦华军, 李源, 吴耀鹏, 田艳琴. 西南山地不同林下经济模式对植物多样性的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 2016, 24(5): 660-667.
ZENG Qingping, HE Binghui, QIN Huajun, LI Yuan, WU Yaopeng, TIAN Yanqin. Influence of different typical under-forest economy modes on the plant community diversity in China’s Southwest Mountains[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2016, 24(5): 660-667.
Citation: ZENG Qingping, HE Binghui, QIN Huajun, LI Yuan, WU Yaopeng, TIAN Yanqin. Influence of different typical under-forest economy modes on the plant community diversity in China’s Southwest Mountains[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2016, 24(5): 660-667.

西南山地不同林下经济模式对植物多样性的影响

基金项目: 国家林业局公益性行业(林业)科研专项(201104043)、重庆市科技攻关重点项目(CSTC2009AB1115)、西南大学青年基金项目(SWU208048)和西南大学生态学重点学科“211工程”三期建设项目资助

Influence of different typical under-forest economy modes on the plant community diversity in China’s Southwest Mountains

  • 摘要: 以西南山地桉树林下养禽(T1)、桉树林下养食用菌(T2)、麻竹林下养禽(T3)、麻竹林下养食用菌(T4)、马尾松林下养畜(T5)、黄葛树林下种草(T6) 6种典型林下经济模式为研究对象, 采用相邻样地比较法对各模式下植物群落的物种重要值(P)、丰富度指数(S)、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H′)、Pielou均匀度指数(Jw)、Alatalo优势度指数(Ea)、相似性指数Jaccard(Cj)和Sorenson(Cs)以及多样性阈值(Dv)进行调查分析, 探讨不同林下经济模式对植物多样性的影响。结果表明: T6模式下植物种类最丰富, 为11种; 而T3和T4模式下植物种类最少, 仅有2种。各经济模式均无灌木层, 草本层为群落优势层。空心莲子草是T1和T2模式的优势种, 重要值分别为67.16%和71.00%; 桑树是T3和T4的优势种, 重要值高达74. 91%和72.82%; T5和T6优势种分别是竹叶草(54.10%)和牛鞭草(59.51%)。在不同林下经济模式中, 植物丰富度指数(S)依次为T6>T1>T5=T2>T3=T4, 多样性指数H′呈T6>T1>T5>T2>T4>T3, 均匀度Jw呈T5>T6>T2>T1>T4>T3, 优势度指数Ea呈T5>T4>T3> T2>T1>T6。林下经济模式与相应的纯林对照物种组成相似性指数, 以T3和T4最高, CjCs均为1.0; 其次是T6, CjCs分别为0.44和0.62; T1最小, CjCs分别为0.15和0.27。植物多样性阈值评价结果显示, T6模式植物多样性阈值最高, 属于多样性较好类型; 而T3和T4模式多样性阈值最低, 属于一般类型。林下种养殖改变了植物群落的物种组成, 且不同种养殖方式影响结果不同, 其中以林草模式影响最小, 为林地干扰下植物群落最丰富的模式。
    Abstract: Ecological problems arising from under-forest economy have gained a wide recognition in recent years. With the development of under-forest economy, understory farming has become more sophisticated, and ecological environments under forests have also become more stable in Rongchang region of Chongqing. The adjacent-sample comparison method was used to study the effects of six different typical under-forest economy modes on importance value (P), species richness index (S), Shannon-Wiener diversity (H′), Pielou’s evenness index (Jw), Alatalo dominance index (Ea), Jaccard similarity index (Cj), Sorenson similarity index (Cs) and plant species diversity threshold (Dv) in China’s Southwest Mountains from August to September in 2012. The investigated six under-forest economy modes were poultry feeding in Eucalyptus robusta forest (T1), fungi cultivation in E. robusta forest (T2), poultry feeding in Dendrocalamus latiflorus forest (T3), fungi cultivation in D. latiflorus forest (T4), livestock feeding in Pinus massoniana forest (T5) and grass cultivation in Ficus lacor forest (T6), and with the corresponding pure forests as the controls. The results showed that among six under-forest economy modes, the highest species richness index (11) was observed in T6 and the lowest species richness index (2) was occurred in both T3 and T4. Herb layer was the most dominant layer for all the six under-forest economy modes, and no shrub layer was found. The highest importance values were of Alternanthera philoxeroides in T1 (67.16%) and T2 (71.00%), Morus alba in T3 (74. 91%) and T4 (72.82%), and Oplismenus compositus in T5 (54.10%), and Hemarthria altissima in T6 (59.51%). For six under-forest economy modes, the species richness index was in the order of T6 > T1 > T5 = T2 > T3 = T4, the Shannon-Wiener diversity was T6 > T1 > T5 > T2 > T4 > T3, the Pielou’s evenness index was T5 > T6 > T2 > T1 > T4 > T3, and Alatalo dominance index was T5 > T4 > T3 > T2 > T1 > T6. Based on the analysis of similarity of species composition, T3 and T4 had the highest similarity indexes with their corresponding pure forests, 1.0 of both Cj and Cs, followed by T6 with 0.44 Cj and 0.62 Cs, respectively. The minimum Cj (0.15) and Cs (0.27) were those of T1 with its pure forest. Based the evaluation of plant diversity threshold under different under-forest economy modes, T6 had the highest threshold with a better diversity. Then the lowest threshold was for T3 and T4. Understory farming altered species composition of plant community, and different farming methods had different results. Grass cultivation under forest had the least effect and also was the most abundant species above all inquisitional modes.
  • 期刊类型引用(12)

    1. 熊嘉乾,周华,吴金群,黄海,陈海辉,余雪标. 不同复合经营模式槟榔林下物种多样性特征研究. 中国热带农业. 2023(02): 57-66 . 百度学术
    2. 孙嘉,康满春,刘定湘,徐国印,陈琛. 三峡库区坡耕地治理成效评价研究. 中国水土保持. 2023(08): 68-72 . 百度学术
    3. 王小军,严玲,武紫娟. 凉山州核桃林下经济产业发展现状及对策分析. 中国林副特产. 2023(04): 87-89 . 百度学术
    4. 查选周. 农户林下经济经营意愿的影响因素及发展对策——基于安徽省池州市3个县的数据调查. 安徽农业科学. 2021(11): 106-108 . 百度学术
    5. 胡亚琴,冯巧娟,尹祥,唐国建,许留兴,李芳华,彭华贵,张建国. 粤北林下种草对林地土壤理化性质的影响. 中国草地学报. 2021(08): 58-65 . 百度学术
    6. 祁睿尹,赵佳佳,罗文成,叶尔江·拜克吐尔汉. 基于森林干扰度的乌尔禾区胡杨林影响评价. 林业科技通讯. 2020(09): 12-17 . 百度学术
    7. 冯巧娟,彭华贵,李芳华,曾庆团,苏正荣,孔祥楠,贺海东,张建国. 林草复合系统对生态环境的影响. 草学. 2020(05): 45-51 . 百度学术
    8. 刘振盼,孙阳,张悦,李仁浩,刘元,卢立媛,尤文忠. 基于SWOT框架的辽宁省林下经济产业发展分析. 辽宁林业科技. 2020(05): 53-55+67 . 百度学术
    9. 盛海燕,陈伟杰,李伟成. 铜铃山国家森林公园不同林型群落及植被多样性研究. 杭州师范大学学报(自然科学版). 2019(04): 402-410 . 百度学术
    10. 吴瑞航,叶尔江·拜克吐尔汉,努尔塔依·铁利汗,赵文. 克拉玛依市乌尔禾区胡杨林下草本层物种多样性研究. 中国城市林业. 2019(04): 7-11 . 百度学术
    11. 刘跃钧,彭小博,姚理武,吴应齐,葛永金,谢建秋,何金训,袁德义. 不同林药复合经营模式对锥栗林下物种多样性的影响. 浙江林业科技. 2018(05): 81-86 . 百度学术
    12. 赵新坤,郭贤明,王兰新. 西双版纳发展林下经济的问题与对策. 安徽农业科学. 2017(06): 228-230 . 百度学术

    其他类型引用(14)

计量
  • 文章访问数:  1490
  • HTML全文浏览量:  69
  • PDF下载量:  1161
  • 被引次数: 26
出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2015-10-25
  • 修回日期:  2015-12-06
  • 刊出日期:  2016-04-30

目录

    /

    返回文章
    返回