Abstract: Composting is a dynamic and delicately coordinated process of rapid successive actions of a number of microbial colonies.Through analysis of large volumes of information and field research,this article introduced the development and research setbacks in microorganismic composting process.The succession of microbial community,selection and application of organic material microorganismic biodegradation and application of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) were used to study microbes in composting.The main restricting factors were experimentation method and complexity of microbial colonies.It is concluded that emphasis should be placed on the utilization of molecular biological methods in studying composting,and also on highly efficient,complex and stable microbial communities to degrade more than one kind organic aterial.Microbial community should be selected and constructed based on relationships among microbes to enhance adaptability to the complex conditions of composting in order to attain community dominance.