Abstract: Following a comprehensive review of the progress of ecosystem health oncept,the paper focused on the analysis of the indexing system of wetland ecosystem health assessments and shortfalls,taking Hongze Lake as studied area.Accordingly,PSR model and AHP method were used to map out an indexing system of wetland ecosystem assessment in the Hongze Lake region,a 3-tiered system,with a total of 30 indices,including biophysical,socioeconomic and human-health components.