不同施肥制度对作物产量及肥料贡献率的影响

Crop yield and fertilizer contribution under different fertilization systems

  • 摘要: 通过17年的长期定位肥料试验,研究了不同施肥制度对作物产量及肥料贡献率的影响,结果表明:化肥N、P、K的施用均能明显提高作物产量,其增产率分别为32.10%、15.06%、10.95%;循环回田的农家肥养分对作物增产有明显的残效叠加作用,且具有良好的稳产作用,可以满足作物对不同气候年景的适应性。在本试验中,若将保持养分循环再利用基础上施用NPK化肥视为最佳施肥制度,则在保持其他农业技术不变条件下,最大施肥贡献率为0.44。在下辽河平原土壤、气候和生产力水平等条件下,为保证作物持续高产,应同时施用化肥和循环肥。

     

    Abstract: Based on a 17 years consecutive field trial,the paper explored the effects of different fertilization systems on crop yield and fertilizer contribution to give guidance for application of fertilizers.The results indicate that the application of N,P and K fertilizers can increase crop yiled by 32.10%,15.06%,10.95% respectively.The remarkable residual effect of recycled nutrients from farm manure on stabilizing and increasing crop yield is observed.In the case of optimum fertilization system of application of N,P and K fertilizers with recycled manure,the largest contribution rate of fertilization in the forming of crop yield can reach 0.44.It is concluded that application N,P and K fertilizers with recycled manure is an effective method to keep higher crop yield in low reach of Liaohe River plain.

     

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