温室有机土栽培越夏甜椒需水量的研究

Study on sweet pepper water requirement under organic soil substrate cultivation in summer season

  • 摘要: 研究比较了4个不同甜椒品种在温室越夏长季节有机土栽培下的水分需求,结果表明:植株生长势强的荷兰品种“卡地特”、“马里波”在较高灌水量下产量最高,而生长势 较弱的国产品种“中椒12”、“甜杂7号”的需水量较低,中水量下产量最高。研究还发现夏季栽培条件下,灌水量较 高的处理甜椒生长势强、单果重较大,国产品种采收早,前期产量较高。甜椒越夏栽培产量 受高温影响有明显阶段性,高温期因座果率低而产量明显偏低,但温度适宜时产量明显回升。国外品种水利用效率略低于国产品种,这可归因于其植株高大蒸腾量也较大。据此可以认为在夏季高温需水量较大的情况下,温室甜椒需水量因品种、长势而异,国外植株高大、生长势强的品种需水量大于国产品种,较国产品种更具高产特性,适合温室长季节高产栽培。

     

    Abstract: Four sweet pepper varieties, two from China and two from Netherlands, were cultivated with organic soil substrate in long summer season and their water requirements were analyzed.Resuls show that the varieties from Netherlands such as “Cadete” and “Maribial” have strong growth and higher yield under higher irrigation; whereas varieties from China such as “Zhongjiao 12” and “Tianza 7” show feeble growth but produce higher yield with medium irrigation. It is noted that the higher the irrigation, the larger the single fruit weight for all the varieties. The Chinese varieties can be harvested earlier and yield more in the proph ase. Sweet pepper production is adversely affected by high temperatures in summer but this situation is reversed as the temperatures fa l back to suitable levels. Higher plant and transpiration lead to ower water-use efficiency by the varieties from Netherlands in comparison to those from China. It is also shown that water requirement of sweet pepper changes with plant variety and time of growth; for instance, in hot summer plants need more water for growth. Netherlands varieties with higher yield and strong growth ability require more irrigation than Chinese varieties and are well adapted to cultivation in summer season.

     

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