Abstract: To determine the effect of incorporating rice straw into the soil on rice growth,soil N and P nutrients under different N and P fertilization methods, a pot experiment was conducted where varying amounts of rice straw was incorporated into the soil under different N and P fertilization models. Results show that rice straw leads to short-term decrease in soil NH₄-N concentration,increase in soil available P,and sluggished plant growth.Though the effect of rice straw under different N fertilization is the same,it is,however,stronger with increasing levels of rice straw application. Thus it can be stated in conclusion that though straw application has some positive effects,applications in large amounts can lead to Fe toxicity.After rice straw incorporation,good drainage and more N and P fertilization are needed to eliminate possible Fe toxicity induced by the incorporated rice straw.