咖啡-荔枝混农林系统中小粒咖啡营养诊断及平衡施肥效应研究

Nutrition diagnosis and balanced application of fertilizers of Coffea arabica L. in coffee-litchi agroforestry

    摘要
  • 摘要: 定位试验研究咖啡-荔枝混农林系统中N、P、K不同用量及配比咖啡营养状况结果表明，缺N对小粒咖啡产量影响最大，其次为K，而P的影响较小；喷施微量元素B、Zn可明显增加咖啡产量。N、P、K肥配比为1∶0.5∶1，咖啡产量随N、P、K用量的增加而提高，鲜果产量为15～30t/hm2。建议思茅地区小粒咖啡营养诊断指标为N25～30g/kg，P1.0～1.5g/kg，K15～25g/kg，Ca10～12g/kg，Mg2.5～5.0g/kg，Zn10～15mg/kg和B40～50mg/kg；N、P2O5和K2O平衡施肥年最佳用量为N50～100g/株、P2O525～50g/株和K2O50～100g/株。

     

    Abstract: Under different applying amounts and rations of nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P),potassium(K) nutrients,the state of nutritions of Coffea arabica L.in coffee-litchi agroforestry was studied.It has been found that N is the most important factor of influencing the yield of C.arabica L.,and K and P are the next respectively.The yield can be improved obviously through spraying appropriate amount of B and Zn elements on the leaves.The ratio of the matching experiments in fertilization level of N,P,K is 1∶0.5∶1.Otherwise,the yield of C.arabica L.is increased with the increasing dosage of N,P,K,and the yield of fresh fruits is from 15 t/hm2 to 30 t/hm2.It has been suggested that the index of nutrition diagnosis of C.arabica L.in Simao region is 25～30gN/kg,1.0～1.5gP/kg,15～25gK/kg,10～12gCa/kg,2.5～5.0gMg/kg,10～15mgZn/kg and 40～50mgB/kg.The most optimum amounts of fertilizers of N,P2O5,K2O are 50～100g,25～50g,50～100g for a plant in one year respectively.

     

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