营养生态条件对蜜蜂球囊菌生长及产孢的影响

Effects on the mycelia growth and sporeforming of Ascosphaera apis under ecological condition of nutrients

摘要: 从碳源、氮源、维生素、矿质元素等方面研究了营养生态条件对蜜蜂球囊菌(Ascosphaera apis Olive & Spiltoir)生长及产孢的影响。结果表明，营养生态条件的变化对蜜蜂球囊菌的影响极大。A.apis菌丝体生长最好的碳源是果糖，产孢量最高的是葡萄糖，不利用山梨糖和甘露糖；该菌优先利用有机氮源，不利用无机氮源中NaNO₂、H₂NCSNH₂；维生素对A.apis产孢量有极为显著的影响，复合维生素比单一维生素能更好地促进菌丝体生长，尤其对产孢更为有利；矿质元素中Mg²⁺、P⁵⁺、K⁺、Zn²⁺促进菌丝体生长和孢子的形成，Na⁺对菌丝体的生长有抑制作用。

Abstract: The effects on the mycelia growth and sporeforming of A.apis under ecological condition of nutrients-carbon and nitrogen sourse, vitamin and mineral elements are analyzed. The results show that the fungus grow best in D-fructose, spore-forming best in D-glucose but no growth occurs in D-mannose and D-sorbose. Except NaNO₂ and H₂NCSNH₂,the fungus give priority to utilize organic nitrogen sources. Vitamins have distinctive promoting effect on the sporeforming of A. apis, and the effect of mixed application of several vitamins is more efficient than any single one. Mg²⁺、P⁵⁺、K⁺ and Zn²⁺ can promote the sporeforming and growth of the fungus, Na⁺ constrains the growth of the mycelia of A. apis.