Abstract: As an example of soil desertification, the changes of soil desertification and the controlling strategies were studies based on the histories of geology, biology and human activity in Xiaobazi Township, Fengning County, Hebei Province. The relation of controlling soil desertification and anti-poverty, causal relationship of afforestation with water balance were pointed out also. For the sand controlling and water resource conservation to Beijing, greenification, human activity and science and technology must be connected; tree and grass planting must be considered together; the environmental construction must be conducted with the development of economy.