水旱轮作地区土壤长期休闲与耕种的肥力效应
Effect of long-term fallow and cultivation on soil fertility in rice-based cropping system
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摘要: 长期定位试验水旱轮作地区土壤长期休闲和耕种对土壤肥力的影响研究结果表明，长期休闲土壤有机质、全N含量显著高于连续种植作物的土壤，其差异随土壤深度的增加而减小；休闲地15cm以上土层土壤N素矿化势高于耕种地；耕种土壤连续施入猪粪、作物秸秆等有机肥可保持与休闲土壤相当或远高于休闲土壤的有效磷水平，单施化肥或不施肥料的耕种土壤有效磷均低于休闲土壤；休闲和耕种对15～30cm土层土壤缓效钾含量无影响，15cm以上土层土壤缓效钾含量休闲高于耕种；休闲土壤速效钾含量在整个耕作层(30cm)均高于耕种土壤；休闲土壤pH值略低于耕种土壤。Abstract: A long-term field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of fallow and cultivation on soil fertility in rice-based cropping system.The results showed that organic matter and total nitrogen content in fallowed soil were significantly higher compared to cropped soils.The difference decreased with the soil depth.Potentially mineralizable N in the upper 15cm of fallowed soil was greater than that of cropped soils.Cropped soils which were continuously applies to pig manure,crop straw or other organic fertilizers had equivalent or much more available P in comparison to fallowed soil,while cropped soils without any fertilizers or with only mineral fertilizers had much less available P than fallowed soil.No differences between fallow and cultivation were observed in non-exchangeable K content in the depth from 15 to 30cm of soils.Fallowed soil had more non-exchangeable K in the top 15cm of soil compared to cultivated soils.Exchangeable K content of fallowed soil in the whole plow layer was higher than that of cultivated soils. A slight lower pH was found in fallowed soil in comparison to cropped soils.
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Key words:
- Rice-based cropping system /
- Fallow and cultivation /
- Effect of fertilizer
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