不同幅宽小麦套种玉米对种群生态关系及产量的影响
Effects of different interplanting widths of wheat and maize on population ecological relation and crops yield
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摘要: 田间试验结果表明，改小麦套种玉米的传统窄幅模式为中、宽幅模式，在玉米株高与小麦株高持平前，小麦带光照略增强，玉米带光温环境显著改善，平均透光率增加11.0%～11.5%，叶温提高0.4℃；当玉米株高超过小麦株高后对小麦的遮荫影响加重。中幅、宽幅套种均可改善小麦和玉米的营养生长状况，促进小麦幼穗和玉米果穗分化，但一定程度影响了两作粒重的提高。随套种幅宽的增加，小麦单元产量下降13.89%～22.58%，玉米单元和两作整体产量分别提高30.00%～37.71%和11.47%～12.26%，系统的产量稳定指数降低0.0125～0.0338。Abstract: Field experiments have shown that changing traditional narrow mode of interplanting wheat and maize to medium or wide mode can slightly increase the light quality on wheat band and obviously improve the lighting and temperature environment on maize band before maize reaches the height of wheat.The average sunlight transmission rate has increased by 11.0%～11.5%;leaf temperature was 0.4 centigrade high. Maize would shade wheat as its height over wheat while the vegetative growth condition of wheat and maize,especially maize have been improved under medium and wild interplanting situation.The ear initiation has been promoted but grain weight has been affected to a certain extent.Wheat unit yield decreased by 13.89%～22.58%,maize and total yield of two crops were 30.00%～37.71% and 11.47%～12.26% higher with the extension of interplanting width.Yield stability index of system lowered 0.0125～0.0338.
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