净辐射通量观测方法及观测精度的不确定性研究

Study on the uncertainties of methods and precision of net radiation flux measurement

摘要: 净辐射通量观测方法和观测精度的不确定性已日益被人们所认识和了解，除了各种净辐射通量观测方法自身存在的一些问题外，还涉及太阳辐射表的标定方法(特别是长波辐射表的标定)、各种辐射表的技术指标及正确使用和维护等问题。通过在野外对国产全波段净辐射表(Net pyrradiometer下称净辐射表)和“四路法”(4-way component system)2种常用的净辐射通量观测方法进行对比试验，结果表明，净辐射通量观测精度随时间和天气状况变化有不确定性，温度变化和辐射表防风罩透过光谱的不一致性是导致辐射表测量不确定性的主要原因。

Abstract: More and more scientists are conscious of the uncertainties of net radiation flux measurements.It has relation not only to the measuring method,but also to the calibrating and maintaining methods of radiometers,especially long-wave radiometer.In this paper,two common measuring methods,which are net pyrradiometer measurement (NPM) and 4-way component system measurement (4CSM) were used to contrast in the fields.The results show that there are uncertainties in error between two measurements,and its precision changes with time and weather condition.Temperature change and unconsistency of windshield penetrant light spectrum of pyrradiometer are reasons on uncertainty of pyrradiometer.