3种溶解性磷肥对不同磷效率小麦品种肥效的试验研究

Effect of three kinds of phosphate fertilizers with various solubilities on different wheat varieties with different phosphorus efficiencies

  • 摘要: 采用温室盆栽试验研究了3个不同磷(P)效率小麦品种(品系)对水溶性、枸溶性和难溶性3种P肥的相对肥效。结果表明,施用各种P肥均有效增加小麦分蘖数,促进小麦生长发育和提高产量,但P肥类型以及小麦品种间表现出较大差异。相同施P量条件下,重过磷酸钙的肥效最高,其次是钙镁磷肥,而磷矿粉也表现出一定的增产效果,钙镁磷肥表现出对小麦品种间的差异最大。如施用钙镁磷肥3个品种的平均产量为15.82g/盆,其中“洛夫林”较平均产量高17.8%,“冀87-4617”较平均值低8.7%,“秦麦1号”较平均值低9.2%;重过磷酸钙处理3个品种的平均产量为17.18g/盆,其中“洛夫林”较平均值高10.4%,“冀87-4617”较平均值低2.0%,“秦麦1号”较平均值低8.0%,表现出不同P效率小麦品种间的明显差异。说明采用不同溶解性P肥可作为鉴定不同P效率小麦品种的一种验证方法。

     

    Abstract: The effect of water-soluble,citrate-soluble and hardly soluble phosphate on wheat varieties with various phosphorus(P) efficiencies was studied by a pot experiment under greenhouse conditions.The results indicated that,all kinds of P fertilizers supplied could improve tillering,crop growth and yield of wheat varieties,but some differences existed among P fertilizers for same variety and wheat varieties for same kind of P fertilizers.At an equal amount of P fertilizers,triple phosphate was superior to calcium(magnesium)phosphate and rock phosphate compared to the control.However,calcium(magnesium)phosphate had most significant difference in grain production of wheat between “P-efficient” and “inefficient” varieties,for example,15.82g/pot of grain yield produced on the average,but 17.8% higher than the average for“Lofflin”,2.0% and 8.0% lower than it for“Ji87-4617” and “Qinmai No.1”,respectively.A significant difference among the varieties demonstrated that citratesolubel phosphate fertilizer could be used as an effective screening method for P-efficient varieties of wheat.

     

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