Abstract: The emergence of sustainable agriculture thinking,the similarity and difference on exerting sustainable agriculture between China and developed countries,as well as the framework and five elements of sustainable agriculture are analysed. It is proposed that taking the chinese ecological agriculture(CEA) as an ideal approach of implementing sustainable agriculture in China,and the sustainable intensive agriculture(SIA) should be the due way for China.As the guidelines for sustainable agriculture,the agroecology has to be closely linked with traditional agronomy,so as to search for the model of agricultural modernization that is in accordance with China's real characters.