矮化型八倍体小偃麦的选育

On Breeding dwarf Octoploid Trtitrigia

摘要: 矮化型八倍体小偃麦“TAI7044”是以天蓝偃麦草(Agropyron glaucum)作父本，春小麦品种“晋春7号”作母本杂交，并采用冬小麦品种“21124”回交克服其属间杂种的不育性，经过连续9年选育而成。细胞学观察结果表明，它的体细胞染色体数目2n=56的植株占77.3%，花粉母细胞减数分裂中期Ⅰ2n=28Ⅱ的细胞占59.95%，其染色体构型为1.43 Ⅰ+27.48Ⅱ+0.09Ⅲ+0.04Ⅳ。同工酶电泳结果表明，它的酯酶比双亲(普通小麦和天蓝偃麦草)多出5条新生酶带，同时又缺少双亲分别具有的3条酶带,进一步证明了利用外源种质与小麦遗传背景之间相互作用产生新性状的可能性。

Abstract: TA17044, a stable dwarf octoploid Trititrigia, was obtained from the derivatives of T.aestivum Ⅰ E.intermedia Ⅱ T.aestivum.With 65-70cm height,TA17044 is the first new dwarf source of artificially synthetic octoploid Trititrigia.The cytogenetic results indicated that the chromosome number in its root tip cell is 56 with a chromosome configuration of 1.43Ⅰ+27.48Ⅱ+0.09Ⅲ+0.04Ⅳ percell characterized meiosis of its PMCS.And the analysis of isozyme electrophoresis showed that the expression of its dwarfism is likely attributed to genetic interactions between an alien genome and the wheats genetic background.