Abstract: Allelopathy is a natural exsiting phenomenon.In this paper,taking wheat straw as the studing object,a detailed information on its allelopathic phenomenon,extracting,indentification,isolation and bioassay testing as well as the aspects which influences thewheat straw allelochemicals releasing were listed.In addition,a brief introduction to the researches on allelochemicals in wheat straw and its utilization in the world are presented.