Abstract: In order to provide the guidline for sugarcane cultivation, the temporal and special variations in sugarcane yield and sugar content, the relationship between planting area environment, soil compositions and sugarcane quality were analyzed. In the study, the sugar content of sugarcane was measured by using Near Infrared Spectrometer (NIR), and a space database containing information of field locations, sugarcane yield, sugar content, P and K contents in sugar juice and soil K content was established with Geographic Information System (GIS). Based on this, distribution maps of yield, contents of sugar, P and K of sugarcane in three cultivation annuals of 2000~2003 were achieved. It is found that sugar content of sugarcane is mainly affected by rainfall and water environment of plantation. The analysis on relationships of sugar content with P and K contents in sugarcane juice and soil K content shows that sugar content is positively correlated with P content of sugarcane juice, but negatively correlated with K content of sugarcane juice and soil.