生物肥对氯嘧磺隆残留的降解及对水稻生长的影响

Effect of three bio-fertilizers on degradation of chlorimuron-ethyl residue and rice growth

  • 摘要: 为筛选具有降解氯嘧磺隆残留和作物增产效果的优质生物肥, 采用田间小区模拟试验, 研究了不同浓度氯嘧磺隆施用下, 3种生物肥对氯嘧磺隆残留的降解及对水稻生长的影响。结果表明, 供试的农大生物菌剂、世绿环保生物肥和农大生物肥对施用量分别为3 μg·kg-1和6 μg·kg-1的氯嘧磺隆残留均有降解作用, 对施用量为6 μg·kg-1的氯嘧磺隆残留的降解率分别为61.5%、58.3%和62.7%, 比自然降解率分别高17.8%、14.6%和19.0%。土壤中氯嘧磺隆施用量为0.03 μg·kg-1时即对水稻株高、穗长、结实率和产量性状产生明显影响, 氯嘧磺隆施用量越大药害影响越显著。3种供试生物肥均可解除0.03 μg·kg-1氯嘧磺隆的残留对水稻产量的影响, 但随氯嘧磺隆施用量的增加, 供试生物肥虽可减轻药害影响, 但不能完全解除残留药害。农大生物菌剂和农大生物肥解除氯嘧磺隆残留药害能力高于世绿环保生物肥。田间氯嘧磺隆的施用量小于0.03 μg·kg-1时, 施用供试的3种生物肥均可保证水稻生产安全。

     

    Abstract: A plot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Nongda bio-agent (NBA), Shilu bio-fertilizer (SBF) and Nongda bio-fertilizer (NBF) on chlorimuron-ethyl residue degradation and rice growth under different concentrations of chlorimuron-ethyl. Results show that the three bio-fertilizers degrade 3 μg·kg-1 and 6 μg·kg-1 chlorimuron-ethyl residues in soils. Degradation rates of 6 μg·kg-1 chlorimuron-ethyl by the three bio-fertilizers are respectively 61.5%, 58.3% and 62.7%, which are 17.8%, 14.6% and 19.0% higher than those under natural conditions. Plant height, ear length, seed setting rate and rice yield are significantly influenced by 0.03 μg·kg-1 chlorimurone-thyl. The symptoms of phytotoxicity deteriorate with increasing chlorimuron-ethyl concentration. The three bio-fertilizers tends to eliminate negative effects on rice yield induced by 0.03 μg·kg-1 chlorimuron-ethyl. However, though chlorimuron-ethyl phytotoxicity is not effectively degraded by the three bio-fertilizers with increasing application, phytotoxicity is significantly alleviated. Chlorimuron-ethyl bio-degradability by SBF is inferior to that by the other two bio-fertilizers. Application of the three bio-fertilizers guarantees safe production of rice at chlorimuron-ethyl application rate below 0.03 μg·kg-1.

     

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