基于改进模糊综合评价模型的矿区土地损毁程度评价

Evaluation of the degree of land destruction in mining areas using improved fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method

  • 摘要: 土地损毁程度评价是土地复垦适宜性评价及制定复垦措施的重要依据。针对经典模糊综合评价方法中确定指标权重主观性较强的问题, 将模糊意见集中决策引入指标赋权法(G1法), 建立基于改进G1法的模糊综合评价模型, 并将改进的评价模型应用到山西省富康源煤矿土地损毁程度评价中。根据土地损毁类型, 研究区划分为两大类(塌陷地和压占地)共5个评价单元, 构建研究区土地损毁程度评价指标体系, 使用改进G1法确定各评价指标的权重, 对研究区5个评价单元进行损毁程度评价。结果表明, 5个评价单元的土地损毁程度分别为: 中度、轻度、轻度、重度、中度, 运用该评价模型得到的评价结果与其他方法基本一致, 结合实地调研情况, 表现了较高的可靠性。与经典模糊综合评价模型相比, 改进后的模型强调权重确定的科学性, 克服了经典模型在指标数量较多时权重分配不合理的缺点。因此, 该模型可应用于矿区土地损毁程度评价工作中, 在矿区土地复垦、生态环境恢复治理、确定赔偿责任范围等方面有较好的应用价值。

     

    Abstract: Evaluation of the degree of land destruction in coal mining areas is critical for suitable land reclamation measures. A number of studies have evaluated the degree of land destruction in coal mining areas in China and around the world. Currently, the common evaluation methods used include the extreme conditions method, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, geographic information system (GIS)-based statistical evaluation method, and the index method. While these methods can reflect the degree of land destruction in coal mining areas, there still is difference in evaluation results due to no uniform criteria for determining the index weight. For the same evaluation method, evaluation results are different when different methods are used to determine index weight. Therefore, the precise determination of index weight has remained the core issue of evaluation methods, which directly affects the accuracy of evaluation results. The G1 method proposed by Yajun Guo is an empowerment method that deals with consistency issue of analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and other subjective methods. The characteristics of G1 include a reflection of the importance of indicators by subjective sorting without limiting the number of indicators and dispense with checking consistency. However, the G1 method has no clear description for sorting indicators and is hardly consistent in sorting expert comments. In this study, the fuzzy opinion centralized decision was applied to the G1 method to sort expert comments. This comprehensive treatment of the method gave a group of more reasonable indicator sorting. The method was used to determine the weight of each index and then to establish an improved fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The final method successfully resolved excessive subjectivity common in the determination of index weight. The improved fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was then used to evaluate the degree of land destruction in Fukangyuan Coal Mining area in Shanxi Province. According to the types of land damage, the study area was divided into two categories — subsided land and occupied land, which had a total of 5 evaluation units. An evaluation index system was then established and the weights determined using the improved G1 method. The extents of damage of the 5 evaluation units were eventually evaluated. The results showed that 2 of the 5 land units had moderate destruction, 2 had mild destruction and then 1 had severe destruction. The results obtained with the improved evaluation model were consistent with those obtained with other methods. When combined with field research, the improved method had a higher reliability. Compared with the classical fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, the improved method emphasized scientific weight determination to overcome the shortcomings of the classical method with which the weight distribution was unreasonable for larger numbers of indicators. This meant that the improved fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was more suitable for application in evaluating the degree of land disruption in coal mining areas. The method was suitable for determining the state of destroyed lands, establishing land reclamation measures, restoring and reconstructing ecological environments, and consolidating land protection programs.

     

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