Abstract: Land use changes significantly influence both ecosystem carbon storage and landscape ecological risk. This study uses land cover data from 2000, 2010, and 2020 and uses Mile City, a typical hilly city, as a case study. We quantitatively assessed the temporal evolution and spatial heterogeneity of landscape ecological risk and carbon stock using landscape ecological risk assessment and InVEST models. Moreover, we evaluate the dynamics and features of the spatial association between ecosystem carbon storage and landscape ecological risk under several future scenarios by using the PLUS and GeoDa models. The results show that: (1) the ecological risk level of the landscape in Mile City from 2000 to 2020 shows an overall increasing trend, the area of higher and higher risk areas continues to increase and cluster in the center and south, and the deteriorated area under the cropland protection scenario is the largest. (2) From 2000 to 2020, there was a general decline in carbon stock and the carbon sink economic value. Under the ecological protection scenario, the carbon stock increased significantly, and the carbon sink economic value increased by US 11.7649 million .(3) Landscape ecological risk was significantly negatively correlated with carbon stock, and the study area was dominated by high-risk-low-carbon stock and low-risk-high-carbon stock clusters, which were concentrated in the northern and central parts of the area. The study results can provide a scientific basis and reference for mountain cities to strengthen ecological resilience and improve carbon sink capacity.