中国农业减污降碳协同效应及其影响机制研究

Synergistic effect of agricultural pollution reduction and carbon reduction and its influence mechanism in China

  • 摘要: 农业面源污染与农业碳排放是中国农业面临的重要环境问题。现有研究忽视了农业面源污染治理与农业碳减排之间的协同关系, 未探索农业减污降碳协同效应及其影响机制, 影响农业可持续发展。为此, 本文借鉴现有成果, 提出农业减污降碳协同效应概念, 基于2007—2021年中国30省份面板数据, 利用双固定效应回归模型、调节效应模型对农业减污降碳协同效应及其影响机制进行实证分析, 并讨论地区异质性。结果表明: 1)农业减污降碳协同效应存在, 农业面源污染与农业碳排放存在显著的协同关系, 当农业面源污染减少时农业碳排放也将显著减少, 该结果进行稳健性检验和处置内生性后依然成立; 2)农业化学物资消费结构对农业减污降碳协同效应产生显著负向调节作用, 农业化学物资使用效率与农业种植结构产生显著正向调节作用, 农业投资规模产生负向调节作用但不显著; 3)北方地区农业减污降碳协同效应比南方地区更为显著, 农业化学物资消费结构与农业化学物资使用效率对北方地区农业减污降碳协同效应产生显著负向调节作用, 农业种植结构对北方地区和南方地区农业减污降碳协同效应产生显著正向调节作用。因此, 农业降污减碳协同效应存在。

     

    Abstract: Agricultural non-point source pollution and carbon emissions pose significant environmental challenges for China’s agricultural sector. Previous studies have overlooked the synergistic relationship between controlling agricultural non-point source pollution and reducing carbon emissions. They also failed to investigate the combined effect of reducing agricultural pollution and carbon emissions as well as the mechanisms that influence this effect. This oversight has had an impact on the sustainable development of agriculture. This study empirically examined the synergistic effect of reducing agricultural pollution and carbon emissions using panel data collected from 30 Chinese provinces from 2007 to 2021. This study utilized a dual-fixed effect regression model and regulatory effect model to analyze the influencing mechanism of this synergistic effect. In addition, this study explored the regional heterogeneity of this phenomenon. The results show that: 1) a synergistic effect on agricultural pollution reduction and carbon reduction and a significant synergistic relationship between agricultural nonpoint source pollution and agricultural carbon emissions exist. When agricultural non-point source pollution is reduced, agricultural carbon emissions will also be significantly reduced, and this result is still valid after robustness test and endogeneity treatment; 2) the consumption structure of agricultural chemical materials have a significant negative adjustment effect on the synergistic effect of agricultural pollution reduction and carbon reduction, the use efficiency of agricultural chemical materials has a significant positive adjustment effect on agricultural planting structure, and the agricultural investment scale has a negative adjustment effect but not significant; 3) the northern agricultural pollution reduction carbon synergistic effect is more significant than that of the southern region, agricultural chemical materials consumption structure and use efficiency of agricultural chemical materials of the northern agricultural pollution reduction carbon reduction synergistic effect produce significant negative regulation effect, agricultural planting structure has a significant positive regulating effect on the synergistic effect of agricultural pollution reduction, and carbon reduction in both northern and southern regions. Therefore, this paper presents several recommendations. 1) In the context of agricultural environmental pollution control, it is crucial to prioritize the issue of agricultural chemical materials and implement strategies to minimize their irrational usage. 2) Upholding the grain production threshold and fostering large-scale environmentally sustainable grain production is imperative. 3) Increasing investment in the agricultural sector and providing guidance for modernizing agricultural practices is imperative. 4) Implementing differentiated agricultural development strategies. Compared with other studies, the marginal contributions of this study are as follows: 1) it proposes the concept of the synergistic effect of agricultural pollution reduction and carbon reduction, analyzes the specific synergistic effect of agricultural pollution reduction and carbon reduction, and discusses the possibility of a synergistic solution between agricultural non-point source pollution and agricultural carbon emissions; 2) the mechanism of the synergistic effect of agricultural pollution reduction and carbon reduction is further discussed; 3) the synergistic effects of agricultural pollution and carbon reduction in different regions and their influencing mechanisms were analyzed.

     

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