Abstract: Eco-environmental governance in agriculture and rural areas is a critical domain for enhancing the resilience of China's green and low-carbon development, achieving the goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, and advancing the Beautiful China Initiative. During the 14^th Five-Year Plan period, China made significant progress in agricultural and rural eco-environmental governance. However, the eco-environmental governance still faces challenges such as irrational land use structures, insufficient use of new quality productive forces on agriculture, deepening depopulation and aging trends, lagging market tool innovation behind practices, and few collaborations among sectors. Looking ahead to the new development period, it is necessary to establish clear future development strategies for eco-environmental governance in agriculture and rural areas. By optimizing land-use planning, accelerating the adoption of technology, adapting to demographic trends, innovating market mechanisms, and clarifying government responsibilities and authorities, the level and effectiveness of eco-environmental governance in rural China should be continuously improved.