Abstract: Eco-environmental governance in agriculture and rural areas is a critical domain for enhancing the resilience of China's green and low-carbon development, achieving the goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, and advancing the Beautiful China Initiative. During the 14^th Five-Year Plan period, China made significant progress in agricultural and rural eco-environmental governance. However, the eco-environmental governance still faces challenges such as increasingly severe constraints on water and soil resources, insufficient use of new quality productive forces on agriculture, the depopulation and aging trends, and governance model transformation and market tool innovation lagging far behind carbon reduction and pollution control practices. Looking toward the new development period, it is necessary to establish clear future development strategies for the eco-environmental governance in agriculture and rural areas. By defining government responsibilities and authorities, optimizing land use planning, speeding up the use of technology, and innovating market mechanisms, the level and effectiveness of eco-environmental governance in rural China should be continuously improved.