Abstract: In order to more effectively protect the arable land resources in Jinxiang County, Shandong Province and promote sustainable agricultural development, based on land use remote sensing data from 1990 to 2020, this study analyzed the changes in arable land quantity and quality in Jinxiang County over the past 30 years using methods such as statistical analysis, kernel density estimation, and center of gravity transfer models, and combined with field investigations using QGIS platform. The results showed that from 1990 to 2020, the cultivated land area in Jinxiang County continued to decrease, and the degree of non-agricultural use of cultivated land increased, mainly manifested as a shift towards construction land; The hotspots of non-agricultural cultivation of arable land are mainly concentrated in the northeast and southeast regions where urbanization is active, and were more active from 2000 to 2010, with greater regional imbalance. In terms of cultivated land quality, the soil organic matter content in Jinxiang County's cultivated land has increased in the past 10 years, but the area of the substrate configuration with upper soil and lower soil viscosity has decreased by about 1/10, causing losses to regional cultivated land productivity. The Pearson correlation analysis results indicate that the main influencing factors of non-agricultural land use in Jinxiang County are: local fiscal revenue (r=0.912, p<0.01), urbanization rate (r=0.711, p<0.05), distance from the county center (r=-0.766, p<0.05), and total agricultural output value (r=-0.667, p<0.05). The spatiotemporal changes of cultivated land in Jinxiang County are the result of the comprehensive influence of urbanization process, economic development, and agricultural policies. Research provides reference for local cultivated land protection and is of great significance for promoting sustainable land management and ensuring regional food security.