Abstract: To investigate the role of different fertilization methods on soil water and nitrogen transport and on maize growth in sloping arable land, soil water sensing and soil water sampling devices were set up in the runoff plots to study the characteristics of soil water and nitrogen transport and maize uptake and utilization of nitrogen on different slopes in sloping arable land under the treatments of bare (CK), uniform fertilizer application (UF), and non-uniform fertilizer application (NUF). The results showed that: 1) the soil water content at the depth of 40 cm from the surface was generally higher than that at the depth of 20 cm from the surface under the treatments, and the moisture change at the depth of 20 cm soil layer at the foot of the slope was the largest. The change in soil moisture content in the corn planting plots was significantly greater than that in the bare ground.2) Nitrogen concentration at 20 cm depth from the surface was generally higher than that at 40 cm depth under each treatment. Nitrate nitrogen (NO₃^--N) and total nitrogen (TN) concentrations were lower under the CK treatment than under the UF and NUF treatments, whereas ammoniacal nitrogen (NH₄⁺-N) concentration was the highest and the overall nitrogen change was the smallest. Total nitrogen concentration increased from the top of the slope to the foot of the slope under the UF treatment, and there were no significant differences in total nitrogen concentration between the top of the slope, the middle of the slope, and the foot of the slope under the NUF treatment. 3) Corn yield, the partial factor productivity from nitrogen and nitrogen absorption rate under UF treatment showed an increasing trend from the top of the slope to the foot of the slope. The total nitrogen accumulation at the middle of the slope under NUF treatment reached 31.507 kg∙hm⁻², which was higher than that at the foot of the slope and the top of the slope, and the maize yield also showed the highest in the middle of the slope, and the partial factor productivity from nitrogen and nitrogen absorption rate increased greatly from the top of the slope to the foot of the slope, especially the partial factor productivity from nitrogen and nitrogen absorption rate of the maize at the foot of the slope in the first season increased by more than three times compared with that at the top of the slope. 4) Compared with uniform fertilization treatment, the non-uniform fertilization treatment ensured crop yield and substantially increased the partial factor productivity from nitrogen and nitrogen absorption rate (32.6%~65.0% and 41.8%~105.4%) based on a 40% reduction in fertilizer application. The non-uniform fertilizer application method in sloping arable land improves crop uptake of nitrogen fertilizer by utilizing the downslope migration of nitrogen, reduces the amount of fertilizer applied while ensuring the yield, and provides a scientific basis for scientifically formulating the fertilizer application system in sloping arable land and effectively controlling the loss of nutrients.