Volume 31 Issue 11
Nov.  2023
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SUN D L, WANG Y, ZHOU J, FU R T, ZHANG Y L, YU N, ZOU H T. Effects of long-term application of organic fertilizer on soil available phosphorus content and leaching risk in greenhouse tomato cultivation[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2023, 31(11): 1792−1803. DOI: 10.12357/cjea.20230076
Citation: SUN D L, WANG Y, ZHOU J, FU R T, ZHANG Y L, YU N, ZOU H T. Effects of long-term application of organic fertilizer on soil available phosphorus content and leaching risk in greenhouse tomato cultivation[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2023, 31(11): 1792−1803. DOI: 10.12357/cjea.20230076
shu

Effects of long-term application of organic fertilizer on soil available phosphorus content and leaching risk in greenhouse tomato cultivation

  • College of Land and Environment, Shenyang Agricultural University / Key Laboratory of Northeast Arable Land Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/ National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Shenyang 110866, China

Funds: This study was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2015BAD23B01-6).
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  • Corresponding author:

    ZHANG Yuling, E-mail: zhangyuling@syau.edu.cn

  • Received Date: February 14, 2023
  • Accepted Date: May 30, 2023
  • Available Online: August 09, 2023
    Graphical Abstract
    • Abstract
  • This study explored the soil available phosphorus content and leaching risk of long-term application of organic fertilizers under greenhouse tomato cultivation to provide an important reference for rational fertilization in greenhouse tomato cultivation. Based on a field experiment of located fertilization in greenhouse tomato cultivation over eight years, five treatments were selected: no fertilization (CK), application of chemical fertilizers (NPK), and combined application of low, medium, and high amounts of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizers (M1NPK, M2NPK, M3NPK). The contents and profile distribution of soil total phosphorus (Total-P), available phosphorus (Olsen-P), and soluble phosphorus (CaCl2-P) in each fertilization treatment were studied. The changes in the soil phosphorus environmental and agricultural thresholds with profile distribution, and appropriate phosphorus application amount in greenhouse tomato cultivation were analyzed. The results showed that the contents of Total-P, Olsen-P, and CaCl2-P in all treatments decreased gradually with increasing soil depth in the 0–50 cm soil layer, and their contents in the 0–10 cm soil layer were significantly higher than those in the 30–50 cm soil layer (P<0.05). Total-P, Olsen-P, and CaCl2-P contents increased in all fertilizer treatments compared with CK, and they increased with the amount of organic fertilizer applied, and the effect of medium (M2) and high (M3) organic fertilizer application on Total-P, Olsen-P, and CaCl2-P contents in the 0–20 cm soil layer was significant (P<0.05). In the 0–10 cm, 10–20 cm, 20–30 cm, 30–40 cm, and 40–50 cm soil layers, the environmental thresholds of soil phosphorus increased first and then decreased with increasing soil depth, which were 139.6 mg·kg−1, 152.4 mg·kg−1, 133.5 mg·kg−1, 86.1 mg·kg−1 and 42.3 mg·kg−1, respectively. In the 0–10 cm, 10–20 cm, 20–30 cm, and 30–40 cm soil layers, the agriculture thresholds of soil phosphorus decreased gradually with increasing soil depth, which were 185.1 mg·kg−1, 120.5 mg·kg−1, 92.8 mg·kg−1, and 56.0 mg·kg−1, respectively. Taking the soil Olsen-P content corresponding to the soil phosphorus agriculture threshold as the risk assessment criterion of phosphorus leaching, through the relationship between soil Olsen-P content and phosphorus application rate (P2O5), it was inferred that the suitable amount of phosphorus (P2O5) for greenhouse tomato cultivation was 344.9−530.3 kg·hm−2, and the amount of P2O5 supplied by organic fertilizer was 119.9−305.3 kg·hm−2. Under the condition of located fertilization in greenhouse tomato cultivation for 8 years, on the basis of chemical nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers (N 375 kg∙hm−2, P2O5 225 kg∙hm−2, and K2O 450 kg∙hm−2), the application of a low amount of organic fertilizer (15 000 kg·hm−2) could not only improve the available soil phosphorus content at 0–20 cm and significantly increase the tomato yield but also effectively control the risk of soil phosphorus leaching.
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