Abstract: A 7-year field experiment of different fertilizers EM compost(15t/hm², 7.5t/hm²), EM chicken manure compost (15t/hm², 7.5t/hm²), traditional compost(15t/hm², 7.5t/hm²), chemical fertilizer(750kg/hm² ammonium bicarbonate, 300kg/hm² urea, 750kg/hm² calcium super-phosphate)and control］was conducted to study the effects of different manure management practices on soil carbon content and basal respiration.Results show that soil dissolvable carbon, total organic carbon, microbial biomass carbon and basal respiration rates increase when the amount of applied organic manure increases.Applied chemical fertilizer slightly enhances soil dissolvable carbon, total organic carbon, microbial biomass carbon and basal respiration in a somewhat insignificant amount. Observed trend of soil organic carbon, microbial biomass carbon and basal respiration in the treatments is: control＜chemical fertilizer＜traditional compost＜EM compost. Soil microbial biomass carbon has a positive correlation with soil dissolvable carbon, total organic carbon and basal respiration rate. The trend of fertilization effect on soil microbial metabolic quotient is: control＞chemical fertilizer＞traditional compost＞EM compost. Soil microbial metabolic quotient has a negative correlation with soil dissolvable carbon, total organic carbon,microbial biomass carbon and basal respiration rate.