施林林, 沈明星, 常志州, 王海侯, 陆长婴, 陈凤生, 宋浩. 水分含量对水葫芦渣堆肥进程及温室气体排放的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 2012, 20(3): 337-342. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1011.2012.00337
引用本文: 施林林, 沈明星, 常志州, 王海侯, 陆长婴, 陈凤生, 宋浩. 水分含量对水葫芦渣堆肥进程及温室气体排放的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 2012, 20(3): 337-342. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1011.2012.00337
SHI Lin-Lin, SHEN Ming-Xing, CHEN Zhi-Zhou, WANG Hai-Hou, LU Chang-Ying, CHEN Feng-Sheng, SONG Jie. Effect of water content on composition of water hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms residue and greenhouse gas emission[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2012, 20(3): 337-342. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1011.2012.00337
Citation: SHI Lin-Lin, SHEN Ming-Xing, CHEN Zhi-Zhou, WANG Hai-Hou, LU Chang-Ying, CHEN Feng-Sheng, SONG Jie. Effect of water content on composition of water hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms residue and greenhouse gas emission[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2012, 20(3): 337-342. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1011.2012.00337

水分含量对水葫芦渣堆肥进程及温室气体排放的影响

Effect of water content on composition of water hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms residue and greenhouse gas emission

  • 摘要: 水葫芦经挤压处理后, 容积减小、干物质含量提高, 利于堆肥生产, 但目前缺乏相关堆肥条件的研究。本文通过水稻秸秆与水葫芦渣以不同比例混合来调节堆体水分, 探讨在65%、70%、75%、80%水分条件下堆肥效果及环境影响, 以获得堆肥的最优水分条件。本试验为静态堆肥, 动态监测堆体温度、pH值、碳氮养分和温室气体。结果表明, 水分对堆体pH、胡敏酸(堆肥7 d)、富里酸无显著影响, 对温度、水溶性碳、胡敏酸(堆肥50 d)、凯氏氮、硝态氮、铵态氮影响显著。其中75%水分处理升温能力最佳, 堆肥6 d即达最高堆温(53.4 ℃); 50 d时其凯氏氮、硝态氮、铵态氮显著高于65%和70%的水分处理(P<0.05); 75%水分处理堆肥50 d与7 d相比, 凯氏氮降低最多(21.1%), 硝态氮增加最多(434%), 铵态氮降低幅度最小(14.1%)。水分对CH4的产生无显著影响; 但高水分促进CO2和N2O排放, 75%水分处理的CO2排放能量最高, 是其他处理的1.9~2.5倍, 80%水分处理的N2O排放通量最高, 是其他处理的3.9~23.1倍。综合考虑, 水稻秸秆与水葫芦渣混合堆肥, 堆体水分为75%较为适宜, 能兼顾堆肥效率、品质和环境效益。

     

    Abstract: Although, residue of water hyacinth, Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms, is better compost because it has a smaller volume and a higher dry matter content after being extruded, not much research exists on it. To determine suitable compost water content of water hyacinth, an experiment that focused mainly on the effects of water on compost and environment factors was conducted. Static compost piles were set at 65%, 70%, 75%, and 80% water content through controlling mixing proportion of water hyacinth residue and rice straw. The temperature, pH, carbon, nitrogen and greenhouse gas of the composts were determined. The results showed that pH, humic acid (after composting for 7 d) and fulvic acid contents of the compost were not significantly affected (P > 0.05) by water content. However, temperature, Kjeldahl-N, soluble carbon, humic acid (after composting for 50 d), nitrate-N and ammonium-N were significantly affected (P< 0.05) by water content of the compost. The 75% water content treatment was especially attractive in temperature-rising of the composts and reached the highest temperature of 53.4 °C just after 6 d. On the 50th d, the Kjeldahl-N, nitrate-N and ammonium-N of the 75% water content treatment were higher (P < 0.05) than those of 65% and 70% water content treatments. Compared with at the 7th d under the 75% water content treatment, at the 50th d, Kjeldahl-N content decreased by 21.1% (the highest change), nitrate-N increased by 434% (the highest change), and ammonium-N decreased by 14.1% (the lowest change). Although no significant differences in CH4 emission fluxes among the water content treatments were noted, differences in N2O and CO2 emission fluxes were pronounced. N2O emission flux in 80% water content treatment was 3.9~23.1 times higher than in other treatments. CO2 flux in 75% water content treatment was 1.9~2.5 times higher than in other treatments. The study therefore suggested that using water hyacinth residue and rice straw compost at 75% water content was the best in terms of compost efficiency and quality better in the term of environment.

     

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