姜志伟, 武雪萍, 华珞, 蔡典雄, 逄焕成, 吴会军, 姜涛, 郑妍, 李银坤. 洛阳孟津冬小麦生产潜力长周期定量模拟与评价[J]. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 2009, 17(5): 984-991. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1011.2009.00984
引用本文: 姜志伟, 武雪萍, 华珞, 蔡典雄, 逄焕成, 吴会军, 姜涛, 郑妍, 李银坤. 洛阳孟津冬小麦生产潜力长周期定量模拟与评价[J]. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 2009, 17(5): 984-991. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1011.2009.00984
JIANG Zhi-Wei, WU Xue-Ping, HUA Luo, CAI Dian-Xiong, PANG Huan-Cheng, WU Hui-Jun, JIANG Tao, ZHENG Yan, LI Yin-Kun. Long-term quantitative simulation and evaluation of potential productivity of winter wheat in Mengjin, Luoyang[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2009, 17(5): 984-991. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1011.2009.00984
Citation: JIANG Zhi-Wei, WU Xue-Ping, HUA Luo, CAI Dian-Xiong, PANG Huan-Cheng, WU Hui-Jun, JIANG Tao, ZHENG Yan, LI Yin-Kun. Long-term quantitative simulation and evaluation of potential productivity of winter wheat in Mengjin, Luoyang[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2009, 17(5): 984-991. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1011.2009.00984

洛阳孟津冬小麦生产潜力长周期定量模拟与评价

Long-term quantitative simulation and evaluation of potential productivity of winter wheat in Mengjin, Luoyang

  • 摘要: 以洛阳孟津地区气象数据库、土壤数据库、作物数据库和多年田间试验数据库为基础, 应用DSSAT作物生长模型估算了当地冬小麦光温生产潜力和光温水生产潜力, 并对节水潜力及途径进行了分析。结果表明, 洛阳孟津地区46年冬小麦光温生产潜力为7 571~10 965 kg·hm-2, 平均9 209 kg·hm-2, 此值可作为当地补灌区产量的上限参考值; 光温水生产潜力为3 957~7 450 kg·hm-2, 平均5 510 kg·hm-2, 仅占光温生产潜力的59.8%, 此值可作为雨养冬小麦产量的上限参考值。冬小麦生育期内平均降水量为226.29 mm, 不及需水量的一半, 平均水分亏缺量占生育期降水量比例高达72.5%, 平均水分满足率为66.4%, 生育期水分亏缺成为影响洛阳孟津地区旱作冬小麦生产发展的首要障碍。不同土壤类型及不同降雨年型冬小麦潜在水分利用效率变幅较大, 波动范围为12.06~22.94 kg·hm-2·mm-1, 46年均值为16.94 kg·hm-2·mm-1。近8年旱作冬小麦现实水分利用效率仅占潜在水分利用效率的58.5%, 平均光温水生产潜力开发度为60.5%。结果表明, 洛阳孟津地区冬小麦节水潜力较大, 采用合理的节水农业措施, 加强农田建设, 改善地力, 增强土壤储水蓄水能力, 高效利用降水资源, 提高水分利用效率是今后提高冬小麦产量的重要途径。

     

    Abstract: DSSAT crop growth model was used to estimate potential productivity of photo-temperature and photo-temperature-precipitation of winter wheat using weather, soil, crop variety and field trial data in Mengjin, Luoyang. Potential productivity development status as well as the developmental measures of winter wheat was analyzed. From the study, the range of photo- temperature productivity of winter wheat is 7 571~10 965 kg·hm-2 with a mean of 9 209 kg·hm-2. This can serve as reference value for maximum yield in irrigated fields. The range of photo-temperature-precipitation productivity is 3 957~7 450 kg·hm-2 with a mean of 5 510 kg·hm-2. This accounts for 59.8% photo-temperature productivity, and can serve as reference value for maximum yield in rainfed fields. The average precipitation is 226.29 mm during the development stage of winter wheat, which is less than half of crop water requirement. Average water deficit is 72.5% of the precipitation at winter wheat development stage with an average water content ratio of 66.4%. This indicates that water deficit during growth is the primary obstacle to winter wheat development in Mengjin. As soil type and annual rainfall are different in the region, potential range of water use efficiency changes significantly —12.06~22.94 kg·hm-2·mm-1, with a mean of 16.94 kg·hm-2·mm-1 for the soil types and 46-year period. In the past eight years, the actual water use efficiency of winter wheat only accounts for 58.5% potential water use efficiency, while the exploitation degree of potential photo-temperature-precipitation productivity is 60.5%. The study shows that winter wheat has a very high water-saving potential in Mengjin. In order to enhance future winter wheat production, it is quite essential that reasonable agricultural water-saving measures are taken and water use efficiency are augmented by increasing use efficiency of precipitation and improving field conditions that enhances soil water storage capacity.

     

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