毛如志, 张国涛, 邵建辉, 杜飞, 邓维萍, 赵新节, 朱书生, 朱有勇, 何霞红. 低海拔和高海拔产区气象因子对‘美乐’葡萄浆果品质和代谢组的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 2016, 24(4): 506-516.
引用本文: 毛如志, 张国涛, 邵建辉, 杜飞, 邓维萍, 赵新节, 朱书生, 朱有勇, 何霞红. 低海拔和高海拔产区气象因子对‘美乐’葡萄浆果品质和代谢组的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 2016, 24(4): 506-516.
MAO Ruzhi, ZHANG Guotao, SHAO Jianhui, DU Fei, DENG Weiping, ZHAO Xinjie, ZHU Shusheng, ZHU Youyong, HE Xiahong. Response of ‘Merlot’ grape berry quality and metabolome to meteorological factors at both low and high altitudes[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2016, 24(4): 506-516.
Citation: MAO Ruzhi, ZHANG Guotao, SHAO Jianhui, DU Fei, DENG Weiping, ZHAO Xinjie, ZHU Shusheng, ZHU Youyong, HE Xiahong. Response of ‘Merlot’ grape berry quality and metabolome to meteorological factors at both low and high altitudes[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2016, 24(4): 506-516.

低海拔和高海拔产区气象因子对‘美乐’葡萄浆果品质和代谢组的影响

Response of ‘Merlot’ grape berry quality and metabolome to meteorological factors at both low and high altitudes

  • 摘要: 为明确低海拔(41 m)和高海拔(2 343 m)‘美乐’葡萄产区浆果代谢组和品质的差异和成因, 试验采用GPRS-Base系统气象站监测低海拔和高海拔‘美乐’葡萄产区的气象因子, 采用气相色谱/飞行时间质谱(GC/ TOF-MS)技术解析低海拔和高海拔产区‘美乐’浆果代谢组的差异, 并测定了不同海拔‘美乐’葡萄浆果的可溶性固形物含量、pH、总酸含量、还原糖、花青素、总酚、单宁、黄酮、类黄酮和蛋白质的含量。结果表明, 高海拔‘美乐’葡萄产区平均日照时数、生育期总辐射、日均辐射、日均温差、日均温度、生长时期有效积温等气象因子均高于低海拔‘美乐’葡萄产区; 与低海拔产区相比, 高海拔产区的‘美乐’葡萄浆果的可溶性固形物、单宁和还原糖含量增加, 总酚和花青素含量减少。代谢通路分析表明: 高海拔产区的葡萄浆果积累更多的氨基酸、有机酸、醇、多酚、糖类等物质。代谢通路富集表明: 高海拔产区改变了葡萄浆果8条氨基酸代谢、4条碳水化合物、3条脂质代谢和3条氮代谢通路。去趋势化对应分析表明: ‘美乐’葡萄园中的气象因子如日均日照时数、生长时期总辐射、日均辐射、温差、日均温度、生长时期有效积温是驱动‘美乐’浆果代谢物积累的主要因子。高海拔和低海拔区域气象因子的差异是‘美乐’葡萄浆果代谢物差异的重要驱动力, 高海拔区‘美乐’葡萄浆果通过代谢物和代谢通路的多样性策略来适应高海拔环境, 提高浆果的品质。

     

    Abstract: To illustrate the adaptability and quality characteristics of ‘Merlot’ grape berries in high altitude production areas, the metabolites contents and metabolomics of ‘Merlot’ grape berries were analyzed in relation to meteorological factors at low (41 m) and high (2 343 m) altitude wine-producing areas. In this investigation, meteorological factors at low/high-altitude of wine-producing areas were monitored by GPRS-based system. The pH and contents of soluble solids, total acid content, reducing sugars, anthocyanin, total phenol, tannin, flavonoid, flavone and proteins of ‘Merlot’ grape berries were determined. Furthermore, GC/TOF-MS technique was used to analyze the difference in metabolome of ‘Merlot’ grape berries between different altitudes. The results showed that average daily sunshine duration, total radiation during grapes growth period, average daily radiation, average daily temperature difference, average daily temperature and effective cumulative temperature during growth period were higher in high-altitude than those in low-altitude regions. The contents of soluble solid, tannin and reducing sugars of ‘Merlot’ grape berries increased, while the contents of total phenols and anthocyanin decreased in high-altitude wine-producing area, compared with those in low-altitude wine-producing area. Metabolic pathway analysis indicated that ‘Merlot’ grape berries in high-altitude wine-producing area accumulated more amino acids, organic acids, alcohols, polyphenols and sugars than those in low-altitude wine-producing area. Metabolic pathway enrichment analysis showed that 8 amino acid metabolome pathways, 4 carbohydrate metabolome pathways, 3 lipid metabolome pathways and 3 nitrogen metabolome pathways of ‘Merlot’ grape berries were regulated in high-altitude region. DCCA (Detrended Canonical Correspondence Analysis) indicated that average daily sunshine duration, total radiation, average daily radiation, average daily temperature difference, average daily temperature and effective cumulative temperature during growth period were the driving factors of ‘Merlot’ berries quality and metabolites. In conclusion, climatic factors were the main driving factors inducing metabolite differences between ‘Merlot’ grapes berries growing in low- and high-altitude regions. Thus, to adjust metabolites profiles and metabolic pathways was a kind of strategies of ‘Merlot’ grapes for adapting to high altitude ecological environments.

     

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