武夷山风景名胜区不同森林景观物种多样性特征研究
Species diversity in different forest landscapes in the Wuyishan Scenery District
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摘要: 以武夷山风景名胜区植物群落调查样地资料为基础，运用物种丰富度、多样性指数及均匀度指数对构成该区森林景观的6类森林类型(马尾松林、杉木林、经济林、竹林、阔叶林和茶园)的物种多样性进行测定与分析。结果表明：6类森林景观不同生长型的物种丰富度存在差异，表现为灌木层物种丰富度较高，而乔木层与草本层物种丰富度较低，除个别森林类型外，各森林类型物种丰富度的垂直结构为灌木层＞乔木层＞草木层；不同森林景观类型的物种多样性亦存在较大差异，总体趋势为阔叶林＞马尾松林＞杉木林＞竹林＞茶园＞经济林，符合物种多样性的一般性规律，即天然林景观＞半人工林景观＞人工林景观；基质景观天然马尾松林不同演替阶段的物种多样性随演替进展而逐渐增加。不同研究区物种多样性比较结果表明，武夷山风景名胜区具有较高的物种多样性。Abstract: Species richness,species diversity index and evenness index of six forest landscape types in Wuyishan Scenery District including Pinus massoniana forest,Cunninghamia lanceolata forest,economic forest,bamboo forest,broad-leaved forest and Camellia sinensis plantation were discussed by using the sampling data.The results show that species richness is different with types of vegetation in six forest types.Species richness of shrubs is higher,whereas those of trees and herbs are lewer,and the vertical structure of species richness is in the following order:shrubs＞trees＞herbs in most forest types.The differences of species diversity among the six forests are significant,and the order of species diversity is broad-leaved forest＞Pinus massoniana forest＞Cunninghamia lanceolata forest＞bamboo forest＞Camellia sinensis plantation＞economic forest,which accords with the general law of the variety of species diversity:natural forest＞half artificial forest＞artificial forest.The results of species diversity of different stages in Pinus massonianaforest indicate that species diversity is increased with the succession of forest.Comparison of species diversity in the Wuyishan Scenery District with that in other areas shows that Wuyishan Scenery District is an area with a very abundant plant diversity.
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