不同种植方式麦田生态效应研究

王旭清; 王法宏; 董玉红; 于振文; 李增嘉

不同种植方式麦田生态效应研究

Study on the ecological effect in wheat field of different planting patterns

摘要

摘要: 试验研究2个小麦品种“烟农19”和“95(6)161”不同种植方式麦田生态效应结果表明，垄作栽培可显著降低耕作层土壤容重，提高土壤孔隙度，更适宜小麦根系生长。土壤呼吸强度垄作栽培20～40cm土层＞平作栽培20～40cm土层＞垄作栽培0～20cm土层和平作栽培0～20cm 土层。相同灌水量垄作栽培渗入深层土壤中的水分显著高于平作，2个小麦品种垄作栽培水分利用效率分别为1.62kg/m³和1.56kg/m³，较传统平作栽培分别提高 21.8%和16.4%。垄作栽培小麦群体内空气湿度较平作栽培降低3.5％～15.5％，同一品种不同种植方式群体透光率均为垄作栽培＞平作栽培。且小麦籽粒光能利用率提高10.0%～ 13.2%，总干物质产量光能利用率提高10.3%～10.8%。

Abstract: The ecological effects in wheat field of different planting patterns were studied.The results show that the soil bulk density of bed-planting is lowed significantly,and soil porosity is improved correspondingly.As far as soil respiration intensity,20～40cm of bed-planting is the highest,then 20～40cm of conventional flat planting,and 0～20cm of both,the lowest.The irrigation water amount received in deep soil layer in bed-planting is more than that in conventional flat planting,and the water use efficiencies in bed-planting are 1.62kg/m³ and 1.56kg/m³ and are improved by 21.8% and 16.4% respectively,higher than those in conventional flat planting of two cultivars.The air humidity inside wheat plant in bed-planting is lowed by 3.5%～15.5% than that in conventional flat planting and the solar energy use efficiency of grain and dry matter yield are increased by 10.0%～13.2％ and 10.3%～10.8% respectively,the colony transparent rate of bed-planting is higher than that of conventional flat planting in the same cultivar but in different planting patterns.

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