Abstract: A long period located test shows that returning corn stalks to the field and applying fertilizer in autumn Can in-crease the corn yield significantly in dry lan d．The total coin grain amounts of i0-year accumulation increase 12.10～17.27t／hm² compared with the traditional cultivation，the ranges of increasing yield are between 25.59％ and 36.52％．meanwhile，the corn stalks also increase 5.9～13.3t／hm²，which provides adequate organic resources． Returning cornstalks to the field and applying fertilizer in autumn can play an important role of keeping soil water in both autumn and spring ，making the seedlings full and stronger and the nutrition good use，helping the soil microorganism to breed，promot-ing the organic matters decomposition，increasing the validity of mineral nutrients，and improving the soil physical andchem ical properties．