Abstract: This study introduces the factor model of coupling relationship between eco-envimnmental vatlnerability and poverty，and discusses the development trend of their driving factor，proposes the interactive mechanism between economy and environment in poor region．The contradiction between economy and environment is acutely and obviously the contradiction of eco-envimnm ental vulnerability and poverty in this region；the vicious circle of eco-envimnm ental vatlnerability and poverty results from the natural and human action but mainly from the human action；the selecting space of survival methods is due to the eco-envimnm ental vulnerability．The Chinese sustainable development policies implemented in poor regions are notonlytheimportan tcountermeasures for environmental protection and restoration，butalsothe efficientway of its getting rid of poverty by economic development．