Abstract: The criteria for the construction of eco-agricultural counties in China should coordinate social，economic and environmental effects together．Firstly．the social effects should be emphasized，which include population contro1,cultural，scientific and moral education．technical trainning and so on．Secondly the economic criteria should reflect the increase of gross national product(GNP)and average income per capita every year．Thirdly for the criteria of production and environment，not only are the yield，commodity rate of agricultural products,input／output in planting，animal husbandary output value／total agricultural output value inctnded，but alsoare the forest and grass coverage，management of the degenerated land ，water-saving agriculture，recommended fertilization，integrated pest anagement,waste water treatment and etc．included．The construction of eco-agricultural counties can be divided into thlee stages，and on the basis of different situations in east coastal regions and west inland regions，the criteria are presented respectively.