Abstract: People have recently paid more attention to ecosystem services and human well-being. This has led to studies of differentkinds of ecosystem services and human well-being, getting into the mainstream of hot research ecology. This study discussed ecosystemservices and human well-being in grassland Inner Mongolia. This is significant as it not only protected grassland ecosystems, butalso improved human well-being and provided services of tremendous benefits to the people. The relationship is not linear betweenecosystem services and human well-being in the grassland. No consistent increment was noted in human well-being. People paidincreasing attention to ecosystem services and human well-being of the region partly because of the changing ecosystem services andits deep effects on human well-being. Government issued policies for rebuilding and protecting the natural environment was anotherdriving factor. We noted that some questions still needed redress regarding the study of ecosystem services and human well-being inthe region. These were summarized as follows: (1) shortages of dynamic data about ecosystem services impact on human well-beingexisted; (2) qualitative and quantitative research on how changing human well-being conditions affected ecosystem services of grasslandwas lacking; (3) sustainability of national policy was also questionable. On the basis of above, the authors suggested strengthening and concerning the following conditions in the region: (1) interactive patterns of formation and fluctuation of ecosystem servicesand human well-being in grassland of Inner Mongolia; (2) research into clear inter-coordination and connection of human well-beingand other functions of ecosystem services in the grassland; (3) build-up of relatively perfect evaluation index system of humanwell-being in grassland of Inner Mongolia and (4) sustainable and effective government policies in the region.