Abstract: Whether eco-agriculture will be a dominant strategy and basic agricultural and rural economic development pattern in China depends on its competitive advantage over other agro-development models. Using the AHP method (which is driven by “elements-structure-performance” paradigm), the competitiveness evaluation index system of eco-agriculture was established, which was composed of 5 first-level indexes, 22 second-level indexes and 66 third-level indexes. The results show that the body layer is the main impact zone in 5 first-level indexes. This is followed by the efficiency layer, product layer, element layer and organization layer. Based on the results, appropriate countermeasures for building and enhancing the competitiveness of eco-agriculture are advanced.