Abstract: This paper is a brief view of ongoing advances in sugarcane intercropping research and key future research directions on sugarcane intercropping. Reasonable sugarcane intercropping system enhances crop growth and light interception, ensures simultaneous soil exhaustion and restoration with enhanced soil nutrition, and reduces the incidence of pest and disease. However, there exists limited study on the mechanisms of beneficial ecological effects of sugarcane intercropping. Future research should therefore focus on nutrition uptake, utilization and transfer mechanisms, and the relationships among nutrition transfer and environmental factors under intercropping.