Abstract: The effect of the methods of fertilization on available nutrients and taste of Japanese and Chinese rice lines (ZR6, ZR13, ZR32, ZR51 and ZR63) were studied in a field experiment. The results show that yields are lower under Japanese high quality rice fertilization method (Japanese fertilization method) than under the conventional fertilization. Among the tested five lines, yield of ZR13 is the lowest while ZR63 is the highest. The content of soil ammonia N could be significantly increased by the conventional fertilization method compared to Japanese fertilization method, while the content of available phosphorous for the five lines be decreased. Based on change in taste, Japanese fertilization method, under which rice has a good taste, limits rice protein and amylase contents. Yield, protein and amylase contents of ZR63, which tastes the worst, are higher than those of the other lines. Compared with ZR63, the taste of ZR13 improves by 17.2% under Japanese fertilization method while that of ZR51 increases by 56.1% under conventional fertilization. Based on yield and taste, ZR32 and ZR51 are the ideal lines. The yield of ZR6 and ZR13 is lower than the other three lines. Though ZR63 has a high yield, its taste quality is low.