农业生态系统服务价值评估研究进展
A literature review on evaluation of agricultural ecosystem services
-
摘要: 农业生态系统提供的服务对人类的可持续发展至关重要。该系统的一些服务价值因在市场上未能反映出来而往往被人类所忽略, 正确评价此类系统服务价值具有重要意义。本文在系统回顾该领域研究进程的基础上, 从研究方法、研究内容、研究尺度、支撑学科等方面总结了现有研究的特点, 从所揭示的生态服务价值的完全程度、研究视角的广泛程度、研究方法的完善程度、研究领域的涵盖程度等方面分析了国内研究中存在的基本问题, 进而指出, 学术界在林地生态系统、草地生态系统以及价值评估方法的研究方面已经取得了众多成果, 在农田生态系统服务价值的研究方面也取得了一定进展, 但农田生态系统和渔业生态系统服务价值、非市场价值评估方法研究等方面需要重点突破, 对林地生态系统、草地生态系统的研究也需要在价值构成、生态服务价值的时空变化等方面进一步探讨。Abstract: Agricultural ecosystem services play a key role in the sustainable development of mankind. However, certain values of the services are too often neglected as they are not directly reflected in market transactions. It is therefore important to evaluate these services. The characteristics of previous studies in this field were analyzed from the points of view of research method, content, scale and supporting disciplines. The basic problems of domestic studies were probed into from the context of ecological ecosystem completeness, study perspective, and research method perfection and fullness of content. On this basis, it is pointed out that much important progress has been made in the field of forest and grassland ecosystem and evaluation method. Some breakthroughs are also made in the field of agricultural ecosystem evaluation. However, the values of crop and fishery ecosystem services and non-market evaluation methods of ecosystem services require further studies. The values of forest and grassland ecosystems also need further exploration from the perspectives of value composition and temporal and spacial variation.