Abstract: The connotation and hierarchy of self-decontaminating capacity of agricultural ecosystems are discussed. From the view point of the ecosystem, the capacity of self-decontaminating agricultural ecosystem is reviewed as well. The structure and function of five typical self-decontaminating agricultural ecosystems are analyzed. These include crop and livestock self-decontaminating system, biogas eco-agriculture self-decontaminating system, tri-dimensional agriculture self-decontaminating system, high-efficient and cleanmodern agriculture self-decontaminating system and environmentally protected and eco-restored self-decontaminating system. The capacity of agricultural self-decontaminating ecosystem lays the basis of innovation for advanced agricultural contamination prevention and cure.