Abstract: Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is a vast territory with disparate water resources, heat energy and other basic conditions. Geographical land resource as well as arable land resources difference are extremely remarkable. Using 50 years of statistical data and 9 years of land use change data on Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, we analyzed cultivated area, average cultivated area change, per-capita cultivated area and regional differences in cultivated area. The relationship between cultivated area change and grain yield was analyzed on the same basis. The results indicate a high fluctuation in per-capita average grain yield in Inner Mongolian. Along with socio-economic development and population growth, per-capita average cultivated area tends to drop. With regard to grain production safety therefore, protecting cultivable land is a fundamental requirement for grain production safety. Hence this paper advances some strategies to protect farmland and ensure grain production safety. Most important of these strategies include: cherishing and protecting existing farmland; improving construction of agricultural infrastructure, especially water conservancy; controlling non-agricultural construction on farmlands; strengthening administrative and social surveillance of farmlands; and establishing inspection mechanism for farmland utilization to prevent land misappropriation.