Abstract: Agriculture and its associated long-term problems that exist in China have always had its root outside of agriculture itself. The aim of this essay was to diagnose the symptoms of China's agricultural problems, including peasant and rural problems in the new era under the analytical framework of Political Ecology rather than the obsolete analytical framework of Political Economy. The paper also aimed to address the crucial vitality of creative practices that emerge along with the development of Ecological Agriculture and Community Supported Agriculture since 2009. The paper called for nationwide reflection and participation of societies in finding a way out for agriculture and the associated problems. This article addressed most of the aspects of the new strategy of Rural Vitalization proposed by China's central government in 2017, including the issues of Mechanism of Integrated Urban-Rural Development, Basic Agricultural Management System, Agricultural Industry System, Structural Reform of the Supply Side of Agricultural Production, etc. The core idea was to integrate the development of the triple industries of agriculture and to eventually facilitate Rural Vitalization from the angle of 'Industrial Blossom' by mean of concerted development of Ecological Agriculture and Community-Supported Agriculture. To achieve these goals, the authors proposed the following incentives from policy-making aspects:1) developing Community-Supported Agriculture for rationalization of agricultural managerial system to embody the principal position of farmers (producers) in agricultural production; 2) building a sustainable agricultural production system by means of Ecological Agriculture to strengthen the leading role of ecological protection; 3) coordinating Ecological Agriculture and Community-Supported Agriculture for concerted development of urban and rural areas to characterize the concept of win-win cooperation in the new era.